<p>The Magharee Islands , also known as "The Seven Hogs", are a group of uninhabited islands located off Rough Point at the northern tip of the Magharee Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland. The Islands are part of the parish of Castlegregory are well known as excellent diving and snorkelling destinations.</p><br>
<p>The Magharees Sound separates the Seven Hogs from the mainland. A monastic site comprising beehive huts and the ruins of an old church are located on Illauntannig. Scraggane Pier is the nearest landing point on the mainland.</p><br>
<p>They Islands are called:</p><br>
<p>Gurrig Island</p><br>
<p>Illaunboe</p><br>
<p>Illaunimmil</p><br>
<p>Illauntannig</p><br>
<p>Illaunturlogh</p><br>
<p>Inishtooskert</p><br>
<p>Mucklaghbeg Island</p><br>
<p>The islands were inhabited until the early 1980s but now serve only as summer grazing for the livestock of several local farmers. Up until recently, many farmers would swim their cattle and sheep across to the islands at low tide, rowing alongside them inside Currachs or other small boats. If an animal got into difficulty it was hauled aboard or tied to a boat, or simply left to drown. Nowadays, a modified cage with several flotation devices attached to it, is pulled behind a boat and the crossing is much less taxing on the animals and their owners. A farmhouse on Illauntannig (the only dwelling on the island) can be rented out on a weekly basis April - September.</p><br>
<h2>Illauntannig</h2><br>
<p>White Oaks is a ghost town in Lincoln County, New Mexico, United States. Located on the outskirts of the Lincoln National Forest, it became a boomtown in 1879 following the discovery of gold and coal in the nearby Jicarilla Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The region was first roamed by the Piros Indians, it abundant with game and made it one of their hunting grounds. Whoever, the invading Apaches drove them out and claimed it as their own.</p><br>
<p>The first Europeans to explore the area were the Spaniards of Don Juan de Onates expedition, who arrived in the late 1500s. The called the land Malpais (meaning "badlands") because of a nearby lava flow.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1870s, John J. Baxter, an unsuccessful California &#39;49er, heard reports of gold discovery in the area. He followed in the footsteps of local Mexican prospectors to a shallow canyon east to the mountains, where he discovered a rich gold field. Within a year, a mining camp of tents was had appeared. Called White Oaks after a nearby stream, the camp soon grew to be a permanent settlement, boasting 50 different businesses, including four newspapers, two hotels, three churches, a sawmill, a bank, an opera house, livery stables, as well as saloons and gambling houses. A post office had opened as early as 1880.</p><br>
<p>Baxter and another prospector named Winters established two claims, known as the Homestake Mine and the South Homestake Mine. The local mountains would be named for Baxter. The parties later sold their claims for $300,000 apiece. The town was frequented by notable Old West personalities, including Dave Rudabaugh, Billy the Kid, Pat Garrett, and Shotgun John Collins. Jonathan H. Wise established the town&#39;s first newspaper in 1880, called the White Oaks Golden Era. Additional newspapers included the Lincoln County Leader, the Old Abe Eagle and the New Mexico Interpreter. (Florin, 1970, P. 662)</p><br>
<p>In November, 1880, a posse from in White Oaks pursued Billy the Kid for more than forty miles, culminating in a standoff, during which was killed after trying to negotiate with the fugitives. National Park Service historian Robert M. Utley, in his book "Wanted: The Outlaw Lives of Billy the Kid and Ned Kelly," wrote that is not known who shot Carlyle or why.</p><br>
<p>Billy the Kid later sent a letter to Governor Lew Wallace, disputing an account written in a Las Vegas, New Mexico newspaper claiming that Billy was the leader of a gang of outlaws. Billy said that he and Kelly had been in a ranch house when the posse surrounded it. Deputy Sheriff Carlyle entered the house by himself, demanding the fugitives surrender. Billy asked to see the warrants for their arrests, but Carlyle admitted he had none. Billy replied that without warrants, the posse was nothing but an armed mob and refused to surrender to them. He ordered Deputy Carlyle to remain in the house to keep the posse from attacking them, saying Carlyle should lead his men away in the morning. Shortly after that, the posse sent Billy a note demanding if Carlyles immediate release. If he did not comply, they would kill "Mr. Greathouse", who was known to be Billys friend. Minutes later, a posse member fired a shot at the house. Deputy Carlyle used the confusion to jump out of a window and make his escape. Unfortunately, he was shot and killed by his own posse.</p><br>
<p>The United States census, taken in July 1880, showed that White Oak had a population of about 800. It would eventually reach 4,000 people. (Florin Page 661) In 1882, construction was completed on Starr&#39;s Opera House, and the town now had saloons, several general stores, a school, and a town hall. In 1884 Lyman Hood held the first church services in an actual church building, these meetings having previously taken place in the town hall. During this period, there were brothels with many prostitutes, and the town was frequently a haven for cattle rustlers and other outlaws.</p><br>
<p>By 1885, White Oaks had settled down and was beginning to thrive. Three attorneys, John Y. Hewitt, Harvey B. Ferguson, and George Barber, opened businesses there, and other professionals began to arrive in town to open their own businesses. However, its continued existence was dependent on a railroad passing through it. In the late 1890s, both the Santa Fe and the El Paso and Northeastern railroads were planning to extend tracks toward White Oaks. Local business interests refused to make concessions to lure the railroad to town. Instead they attempted to charge premium prices for right-of-way properties, convinced that the railroads would compete for the privilege. As a result, the railroad chose to run twelve miles to the west, through Carrizozo, New Mexico, and by the late 1890s the mines had become exhausted and the population dwindled. An additional source of decline was the presence of an excessive number of lawyers, with the accompanying excessive litigation surrounding land titles, mine claims, and livestock profits. By the early 1900s the town was a shadow of its previous self. It is now a ghost town, with several of the more permanent buildings still standing today.</p><br>
<p>Susan McSween Barber, widow of Alexander McSween who was killed during the Lincoln County War, became known as the "Cattle Queen of New Mexico" in the late 19th century. She bought and developed the Three Rivers Ranch southwest of the town, eventually owning over 5,000 head of cattle. In 1902 she sold out and moved to White Oaks, where she remained until her death in 1931. She is buried in the old White Oaks cemetery, along with another notable, former New Mexico state Governor William McDonald, the state&#39;s first governor after achieving statehood, who had been President of the Exchange Bank of White Oaks and a local attorney.</p><br>
<p>In 1970, White Oaks was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district. By that time, very little remained of the original community; although the district covered over 1,800 acre, only 6 buildings had enough historical integrity to qualify as contributing properties.</p><br>
<p>Today one of the old saloons remains open, The No Scum Allowed Saloon.</p><br>
<p>The Joliet Iron and Steel Works was once the second largest steel mill in the United States. Joliet Iron Works was initially run from 1869 to 1936. Joliet Steel Works eventually became unprofitable and all operations were ceased by the early 1980s.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s, the Forest Preserve District of Will County purchased the property containing the ruins of the ironworks to preserve a piece of history. The District operates the site as the Joliet Iron Works Historic Site.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The works were originally owned and operated by the Joliet Iron and Steel Company, which was acquired by the Illinois Steel Company shortly after its formation in 1889. In turn, Illinois Steel was acquired by Federal Steel, which went on to be central in the formation of USA Steel.</p><br>
<p>The rolling mill, a key element of the works, struck its first blow in March 1873. Railroad rails rolled at the Joliet Works played a key role in the expansion of America&#39;s railroad infrastructure.</p><br>
<h3>Infrastructure</h3><br>
<p>The works had a dam on the Des Plaines River for power, and four blast furnaces capable of producing up to 2,000 tons of pig iron daily. There was also a stock house, a casting house, hot blast stoves, a skull house, a gas washing plant, a blowing engine house, and a gas engine house.</p><br>
<h3>Labor</h3><br>
<p>Around the turn of the century, Joliet Iron Works had approximately 2,000 workers on its payroll. Workers came from Southern Europe and Eastern Europe, and faced dangerous work hazards including toxic fumes, falls from high places, and extensive heat.</p><br>
<p>The workers at the Joliet Works were involved in the Steel Strike of 1919.</p><br>
<p>Around 1926 the Steel Works employed approximately 4,000 workers.</p><br>
<h3>The site today</h3><br>
<p>A 1.5 mi paved trail provides visitors a view of the remains of the Joliet Iron Works. The trail includes interpretive signs that explain the process of making iron and steel and the specific skills of the workers.</p><br>
<p>Bordering the Iron Works is the Illinois and Michigan Canal and attached I & M Canal Trail.</p><br>
<p>The site is also an access point for the 12.5 mi I&M Canal Trail/Centennial Trail. This trail, of which portions are paved or crushed limestone, connects Joliet&#39;s City Center to the Centennial Trail in Cook County, Illinois.</p><br>
<p>Amenities at Joliet Iron Works Historic Site were renovated in 2009 and 2010. The preserve now offers a picnic shelter, restroom facilities, and drinking water.</p><br>
<p>The Charles Capron House is an historic house at 2 Capron Street in Uxbridge, Massachusetts. Built in 1874, it is an locally distinguished example of Gothic Revival architecture. It is also notable for its association with Charles Capron, a local mill owner. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Capron House is prominently located at the corner of Capron and Mendon Streets (Massachusetts Route 16), a short way east east of Uxbridge&#39;s downtown area. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a mansard-style truncated hip roof, clapboard siding, and a granite foundation. Its main facade, facing southeast, is three bays wide, sheltered by a highly decorated open porch that joins the space between flanking polygonal window bays. A gable breaks the roof line above the entrance, and is decorated with Gothic woodwork, as are the dormers piercing the roof. Gothic details are continued on the flanking sides, and on the attached ell. The carriage barn at the rear of the property is a period structure; it is a two-story wood-frame structure, with a clipped gable roof topped by a cupola.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1874 by Charles Capron, a member of the locally prominent Capron family who was one of the owners of the Capron Mill (no longer standing), and was responsible for the introduction of electricity into Uxbridge. Capron was also active in civic affairs, serving as town treasurer, town clerk, selectman, and as a state representative. The house is Uxbridge&#39;s finest example of Gothic Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Old Douglas Center Historic District encompasses the historic heart of Douglas, Massachusetts. The historic district radiates away from the town common, and is bounded by farmlands and more recent 20th-century development. There are 50 contributing resources in the 192 acre district. Most of the structures are residential houses in Federal and Greek Revival styles. There are a number of institutional buildings, including the 1834 Greek Revival First Congregational Church, the Craftsman-style Douglas Pastime Club building at 22 Church Street, and the c. 1770s Dudley Tavern. The town common and the adjacent Center Cemetery, laid out when the town was incorporated in 1746, are at the center of the district.</p><br>
<p>Douglas was established in the 1730s on land set off from Sherborn, and incorporated in 1746. The town common quickly became the focus of civic activity, and roads were laid out from surrounding towns to that area. A meeting house (parts reused in building the house at 1 SE Main Street) was built in 1747, and the surviving tavern was built in the 1770s. The importance of the center as a nexus of economic activity declined in the 19th century, as industrial activity grew along the Mumford River in East Douglas, which also benefited from the arrival of the railroad. Construction was modest in the center in the second half of the 19th century, with only two new houses built.</p><br>
<p>In the early 20th century a few institutional buildings were added. In addition to the Douglas Pastime Club, and the 1921 two-room Douglas Center School, Colonial Revival houses were built at 8 and 16 Church Street, and a 1 Main Street. The church&#39;s steeple was damaged by the New England Hurricane of 1938 and rebuilt.</p><br>
<p>The district listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Old Richmond Historic District is a neighborhood of historic residential and commercial buildings and national historic district located at Richmond, Wayne County, Indiana. The district encompasses 212 contributing buildings located just west of the East Fork of the Whitewater River, comprising some of the earliest extant buildings in Richmond. It developed between about 1816 and 1925 and includes representative examples of Greek Revival, Italianate, and Gothic Revival style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed Bethel A.M.E. Church. Other notable contributing buildings include the William Paul Quinn House , Elijah Coffin House , Henry Davis House , Rankempf Cottage , Hall Town House , Edward Frauman House , and Lydia Pierce Cottage .</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and expanded in 2003.</p><br>
<p>The Richmond Railroad Station Historic District is a group of historic commercial buildings and national historic district located at Richmond, Wayne County, Indiana. The district encompasses 22 contributing buildings the icon of which is the Daniel Burnham-designed Pennsylvania Railroad Station, completed in 1902. It developed between about 1853 and 1915 and includes representative examples of Italianate, Classical Revival, and Chicago School style architecture. In addition to the Pennsylvania Railroad Station, other notable buildings include the Miller Brothers Block , Jacob H. Lichtenfels Building , Charles Sudhoff Building , Benjamin Starr Building , William H. Alford Building , John Roberts Building , R.F.D. Hose House No. 1 , James Shaw Building , and Richmond / Atlas Underwear Building .</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 and is also a local conservation district designated by the City of Richmond&#39;s Historic Preservation Commission.</p><br>
<p>A previous station at this same location was also a stop on the procession of Abraham Lincoln&#39;s funeral train. Indiana Governor, Oliver P. Morton, boarded the train at this stop, and rode it to Indianapolis, where a procession and showing were held.</p><br>
<p>Burpengary Creek is located about 40 kilometres north of Brisbane, in Queensland, Australia and has a total catchment area of 7,960 hectares. Burpengary Creek is an area serviced by Moreton Bay Regional Council.</p><br>
<p>The Burpengary Creek catchment forms part of the larger Deception Bay catchment and encompasses two distinctive creeks–Little Burpengary Creek (6,360ha) and Burpengary Creek (6, 360ha). These creeks flow into Deception Bay just south of the mouth of Caboolture River, which is itself south of Bribie Island.</p><br>
<p>Burpengary Creek begins in the D’Aguilar Ranges at a height of 340 metres above sea-level. The Creek continues to flow down the mountain slopes into Narangba, through the pine forests adjoining Oakey Flat Road. It then flows into the residential areas of Morayfield and Burpengary before spilling out into southern Deception Bay.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Burpengary known as the ‘place of the wattle trees’ holds deep significance for the Aboriginal communities that lived along the creek area. They found it valuable for camping, fishing, making canoes from the trees and for access to the coastline. The last male of the local tribe, Menvil Wanmurarn, was buried alongside the Creek when he died in 1900.</p><br>
<p>In 1842 Robert Dixon developed the first map of the area and marked Burpengary Creek on it as Cuthbertson Creek. By 1851 the area around Burpengary Creek was well settled and used for grazing cattle and growing sugar cane and bananas. The dairy industry had a quick demise and farmers were selling their land to Australian Paper Manufacturing (APM) Forests for the plantation of Pine Trees within the catchment. Within a short space of time, around 1958, APM eventually planted over 20,000 hectares of pine forests. Exotic conifers accounted for almost one-third of these forests. APM made a proposal to the Queensland State Government to build a large pulp mill nearby, but these were rejected and APM abandoned the land and sold it to a South Australian property developer. However, this land was marked by the former Caboolture Shire’s draft strategic plan to remain for basic rural activities and the development of urban and rural residential properties would not be permitted.</p><br>
<p>This strategic plan did not withstand the widespread population growth within the Burpengary catchment area as it is now primarily used for suburban development. Continuously more bush land and plantations are being cleared for this progressive development. What this means for residential flora and fauna remains to be seen.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna and flora</h2><br>
<p>It is estimated that less than 7.5% of the original vegetation within Burpengary Creek catchment remains. Along the Creek there are many important tree associations that need to be conserved as only remnants of them remain. Along the coast two types of forests are evident–mangroves along the shores of Deception Bay and the tea trees and paperbark forests in the freshwater wetlands. The bulk of the catchment area includes open eucalypt forests, with vine forests / shrubs and riverline forests running sparsely along the edge of the Creek. The largest undisturbed Tea Tree and Scribbly Gum forest in south-east Queensland is located in Freshwater National Park, alongside Deception Bay Road. Other tree species found within this region are Smooth Barked Gums, Stringy Barks, Iron Barks, Brush Box, Hoop Pine, Cedar, Ash and Tulip Oak. Extreme care needs to be taken to preserve this vegetation to ensure that it is a safe haven for the numerous species of wildlife that lives within the Burpengary Creek catchment.</p><br>
<p>Burpengary Creek catchment is home to diverse range of native animals, despite the widespread clearing of native plants and trees to make way for suburban development. There are over 140 bird species, which have been observed along Burpengary Creek. Some of the more common birds that have been sighted include the eastern whipbird, noisy friarbird, galah sulphur-crested cockatoo, tawny frogmouth laughing kookaburra, kingfishers, honeyeaters, Australian king parrot and Australian magpie.</p><br>
<p>Burpengary Creek catchment is also home to one of Australians endangered frog species the giant barred frog. This frog lives in the moist forests borrowing beneath fallen leaves and loose soil during the day and comes out at night to forage for food. Alongside this endangered Australian animal there are also other frog species, including the ornate burrowing frog, the rocket frog and the whistling tree frog.</p><br>
<p>The brown tree snake, green tree snake, carpet python, Australian coral snake and rough-scaled snake also live within this catchment area and are generally seen between the months of October to January. Other reptiles that can be found within this region are Burton’s legless lizard, eastern water dragon, bearded dragon and the lace monitor.</p><br>
<p>Native mammals within this area include: northern brown bandicoot, red-necked wallaby, platypus, ringtail possums, brushtail possums and the grey-headed flying-fox. Furthermore, native bees can also be found within the Burpengary Creek catchment.</p><br>
<h2>Environmental threats</h2><br>
<p>People, plants and animals are the three main threats to Burpengary Creek. Along with widespread settlement along Burpengary Creek came clearing of native plants, pipes built underground, soil erosion, hardening of creek beds and homes built in the flood path, which in turn results in continuing of private and public costs. Early settlement days saw the introduction of horses, cattle and domestic pets, which has seen widespread degradation of natural vegetation which suppresses re-growth and fauna being killed. Introduced species of plants, such as camphor laurel, privet bush, Chinese elm and balloon vine have overrun and in some instances destroyed native vegetation.</p><br>
<p>Burpengary Creek has risen more than 2cm over the past 20 years and this trend is expected to rise dramatically.</p><br>
<h2>Recreational activities</h2><br>
<p>Burpengary creek is a good fishing spot and it has nearby boat ramps that allow for easy access to the Creek. You can launch your boat from the O’Leary Avenue boat ramp in Burpengary or the Uhlmann Road boat ramp into Caboolture River with only a short trip around the bend into Burpengary Creek. It is also noted for having large quantities of mud crabs in the lower reaches of the Creek.</p><br>
<p>Grassy areas within the parks along the Creek line allow for family picnics, flying kites, and general outdoor activities such as Boules or a family game of cricket. Another option is bird-watching at the Caboolture Regional Environmental Education Centre (CREEC) on Rowley Road, Burpengary.</p><br>
<p>The Samuel Freeman House is a Frank Lloyd Wright house in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles built in 1923. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. The house has also been listed as a California Historical Landmark #1011, and as Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #247 in 1981.</p><br>
<p>As an example of Wrights pre-Columbian or early Modernist architecture, the structure is noteworthy as one of the four "textile block" houses built by Wright in the Los Angeles area, the others being Storer House, Ennis House, and Millard House. The construction manager on site was Wrights son, Lloyd Wright.</p><br>
<p>In 1986, the Freeman House was bequeathed to the USC School of Architecture. In 2005, a stabilization project was completed using a $901,000 FEMA grant and $1.5 million in school funds. A five-year program of documenting the history and condition of the house resulted in a 3200-page, seven volume set of books compiled and edited by Benjamin McAlister, Karen M. Kensek, Douglas E. Noble, and Celeste Rodriguez. Publication of the books in 2014 was supported by a grant from the Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts.</p><br>
<p>SG̱ang Gwaay Llanagaay , commonly known by its English name Ninstints, is a village site of the Haida people and part of the Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site on Haida Gwaii on the North Coast of British Columbia, Canada.</p><br>
<p>The village site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a National Historic Site of Canada, and a National Marine Conservation site.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name of the village site, SG̱ang Gwaay llnagaay, is the Haida name for Anthony Island, where the village is located and means "Red Cod Island." During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the village was referred to as Koyahs or Coyahs, also rendered Quee-ah, after the chief at the time, Koyah. The name "Ninstints," also spelled "Nan Sdins," was the name of the most powerful of the villages chiefs in the mid-19th century and came to be used as the villages name as a result of the practice of ship captains referring to villages by the name of the headman or chief at the location.</p><br>
<h2>Village site</h2><br>
<p>The village was the southernmost of Haida villages, being just west of and facing Kunghit Island, the southernmost island in the archipelago. The island itself is small but also the most secluded and protected of all the major Haida settlements as it was located in a sheltered rocky bay on the eastern side of the island. SG̱ang Gwaay llnagaay is the earliest recorded village in the southern archipelago.</p><br>
<p>SG̱ang Gwaay llnagaay today features the largest collection of Haida totem poles in their original locations, many celebrated as great works of art, though they are being allowed to succumb to the natural decay of the lush temperate rainforest climate. Images of the ruins of SG̱ang Gwaay llnagaay are emblematic of Haida culture and of Haida Gwaii and are featured in tourism promotions for the islands and the province at large. The site is extremely remote, and access is only by sea or air from towns in the northern part of the islands. To protect the valuable Haida Heritage Sites, the Haida operate a Watchmen program, stationing Haidas at traditional village sites throughout Haida Gwaii including within Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site. The Watchmen ensure that visitors are acting in an appropriate manner and maintain a presence on their traditional territories.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Archaeological evidence shows that Haida Gwaii have been inhabited for thousands of years, with territories of the Haida extending North into Alaska.</p><br>
<p>The people of SG̱ang Gwaay llnagaay are sometimes referred to as the Kunghit Haida. The Kunghit Haida occupied the southern portion of the archipelago of Haida Gwaii, with territory stretching from Lyell Island to the farthest southern tip of the archipelago. They had approximately two dozen permanent villages, as well as other smaller seasonal settlements located near major resource areas. Early records of Haida testimony recorded by John R. Swanton place the number of long houses at twenty.</p><br>
<p>Larger Kunghit Haida villages had as many as twelve or more longhouses, each which housed approximately thirty or forty longhouses, with village populations ranging from less than two hundred to more than five hundred. One of the chiefs of the Ninstints lineage, whose English name was Thomas Price, was a noted and highly artistic carver of Haida art, notably in argillite.</p><br>
<h3>Post-contact era</h3><br>
<p>SG̱ang Gwaay Llanagaay was the location of several notable episodes in the early history of European contact and trade with the Haida. At the outset of the maritime fur trade, the village was visited in 1787 by George Dixon, who noted the Haidas who met them at sea were eager to trade with sea otter fur. This marked the initially amicable trade relations, where SG̱ang Gwaay Llanagaay was visited once again in 1788 by Charles Duncan, and twice in 1789 – first by Robert Gray then by his partner John Kendrick later that year, at which point the trade relationship turned hostile.</p><br>
<p>In the decades which followed, the trade relationship improved between the Haida and European traders in the area. Because of this many moved to economic hubs such as Masset, Skidegate, and as far as Victoria to take advantage of this growing relationship.</p><br>
<p>For those who remained at SGang Gwaay Llanagaay, their population was greatly reduced by the smallpox epidemic of 1862. In the succeeding years the population continued to decline due to other introduced diseases. Sometime around 1885 the remnants of the people of SGang Gwaay Llanagaay moved to Skidegate. By 1875 the site was used primarily as a camp.</p><br>
<p>The Western Kentucky University Heating Plant is a historic structure on the campus of Western Kentucky University. Constructed in 1927, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Heating Plant was constructed in 1927 to provide heat to the growing number of buildings on the campus of Western Kentucky University. It was designed by architect Brinton B. Davis of Louisville, nicknamed the "hill builder" for his hand in designing multiple structures at Western.</p><br>
<p>The plant provided heat by way of underground pipes encased in concrete masonry. Originally, a spur of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad led to the building, which used coal transported by train for heat production.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations and upgrades</h2><br>
<p>The Heating Plant has been upgraded or expanded a number of times.</p><br>
<p>In 1963, the original building was expanded. In the 1970s, a new wing was added to the building, bordering College Heights Blvd.</p><br>
<p>More recent upgrades to the facility have focused on the internal equipment used for steam generation. A project undertaken in 2002 focused on upgrading the boilers in the building, while another undertaken in 2006 focused on ancillirary equipment and emissions control at the plant.</p><br>
<h2>Modern use</h2><br>
<p>The Heating Plant was one of multiple buildings on campus designed by Davis that were added to the National Register in 1979.</p><br>
<p>While the spur track has been removed, the railroad line still runs near the Heating Plant.</p><br>
<p>Today, the plant is still in use. It is surrounded by many newer buildings, notably student parking structures and modern residence halls. The Plant is located near the intersection of College Heights Blvd. and University Blvd.</p><br>
<p>The Philetus W. Norris House is located at 17815 Mt. Elliott Avenue in Detroit, Michigan, near the corner of Mound Road and Davison Avenue. It was built in 1873 by Philetus W. Norris, who went on to become the second superintendent of Yellowstone National Park. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Philetus W. Norris</h2><br>
<p>Philetus W. Norris was born in Palmyra, New York in 1821, the son of John Norris, Jr. and Azubah Phelps. In 1826, they bought 80 acre in Michigan, moving there soon thereafter.</p><br>
<p>Norris left school early and traveled all around the midwest to trap and trade. He In 1838, Norris settled in northwest Ohio, and in 1845 he married Jane K. Cottrell. They had four children: Edward, Aurelia, Ida and Arthur. Norris fought in the Civil War began, served as a spy, and eventually rose to the rank of Colonel.</p><br>
<p>After the Civil War, Norris moved to Michigan, where he founded the town of Norris in 1873 and ran a successful real estate and newspaper business. In 1877, Norris became the second superintendent of Yellowstone National Park, a position he held until 1882. Norris died in 1885, and is buried in Woodmere Cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Village of Norris</h2><br>
<p>When Norris moved to Michigan, he managed land which belonged to officers and soldiers of both the Union and Confederate armies</p><br>
<p>The original village boundaries were roughly Seven Mile Road on the north, Mound Road on the west, Six Mile Road on the south, and Van Dyke Road on the east. To ensure the success of his community, Norris drained the creek that ran through the area to open up land for farming and maintained the plank road that ran between Detroit and Mount Clemens, operating a tollbooth located in the village. Norris also built the Two Way Inn, which was originally the village&#39;s jail and general store; Norris lived there until he built his nearby house. The Two Way Inn still stands as of 2008; other than a nearby church and the Philetus W. Norris House itself, it is the only building remaining from the original village of Norris.</p><br>
<p>The village was settled primarily by German Lutherans, farmers who sold their produce to Detroit residents. In 1891, the village of Norris was renamed "North Detroit." The city boundaries of Detroit gradually crept nearer, and in 1924 Detroit annexed the village. The only modern-day indication that the area was once a separate village is the "Nortown" moniker on some local businesses, evoking the old names of "Norris" and "North Detroit."</p><br>
<h2>Philetus W. Norris House</h2><br>
<p>The Philetus W. Norris House was built in 1873; it is a two-story late Victorian vernacular structure. At the time it was built, the home had gingerbread trim, brick chimneys and leafy trees in its yard. Norris moved from the Two Way Inn into this house, and also constructed a wing along one side from which he ran his real estate business.</p><br>
<p>Norris moved to Yellowstone in 1877, but the Norris family owned the house until 1916, when they sold it to William Lynch. Lynch used it in part to operate a boarding house, and sold the home in 1925, when it was converted to a three-family unit. The house was owned and occupied by a series of residents, and in 1965 was converted back to a single-family residence; this may have been the time when the exterior was covered with the asphalt siding still on the house today. The home was occupied until 1991, when the last owner moved out and the property was listed as abandoned and tax delinquent.</p><br>
<p>The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992, and was designated a city of Detroit historic district in 1995. The Nortown Community Development Corporation purchased the house with plans to restore it, but in 1999 an arsonist badly damaged the property. As of 2008, the home is abandoned, although plans are still in the works to complete restoration.</p><br>
<p>On July 3, 2016, the Philetus Norris House burnt down.</p><br>
<p>The International Temple, formerly the Perry Belmont House, is the world headquarters of the General Grand Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star, one of several organizations affiliated with Freemasonry. The building is located at 1618 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>The International Temple was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 8, 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building, Beaux-Arts in style, was built from 1906 to 1909 for Perry Belmont, son of August Belmont and grandson of Matthew C. Perry. The trapezoidal plot of land was purchased for $90,000, and construction cost $1.5 million. Perry Belmont served as a United States Congressman from New York, and later as the United States&#39; ambassador to Spain. French architect Ernest Sanson designed the building, having built several chateaux in Europe; his associate architect on the site was Horace Trumbauer.</p><br>
<p>The house takes the form of a free-standing pavilion in the French taste, with a single storey articulated with slender Ionic pilasters over a channel-rusticated basement. A balustrade with stone urns masks a discreet Mansard attic storey. In the interiors Sanson used wrought-iron fixtures from France, wood from Germany, and marble from Italy. Normally the house was used for only the winter months, when Belmont hosted lavish parties for Washington&#39;s elite.</p><br>
<p>In 1919, Edward, Prince of Wales, was a guest of the Belmonts (at President Woodrow Wilson&#39;s request); there he handed out medals to various American soldiers whom Great Britain wished to honor for their roles in World War I.</p><br>
<p>The Belmonts continued to use the building until 1925. In 1925 the Belmonts decided to place the house for sale. Himself a Freemason, Perry Belmont sold the building to General Grand Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star for $100,000, on the condition that the Right Worthy Grand Secretary would live in the building.</p><br>
<p>On May 8, 1973, the Belmont House was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The building was designated a contributing property to the Dupont Circle Historic District in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Current usage</h2><br>
<p>The building serves as the headquarters for General Grand Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star. The Right Worthy Grand Secretary and his/her spouse live on the premises. Tours are usually for members only. Items from the Belmont era of the mansion, as well as items sent to the International Temple as gifts from chapters around the world are on display. In one room five ceiling paintings depict the five heroines of the Order. There are 37 oil paintings and several Tiffany vases in the house. The Japanese fourfold teakwood screen was a gift from the Emperor of Japan to Perry Belmont.</p><br>
<p>The Sudoma River  is a left tributary of the Shelon River, with its course located in Sudoma uplands in Dedovichsky and Bezhanitsky District of Pskov Oblast of Russia. The Sudoma is part of the Lake Ilmen drainage basin. The river has a length of 65 km and drains a basin of 480 km&sup2;. It rarely attains the width of 20 m, being no deeper than 1 m along its course. It notably flows through Sosonskaya Volost where a synonymous village also exists.</p><br>
<p>One version of the name is linked to a folk tale of a family of three giants that lived in the area, the name derived from the mother of the three. The source of the river is located on the uplands of the same name, so named for apparently serving as a place of a judging ritual, the word for trial in Russian being "sud" (суд), however the source is located in Lake Naverezhskoye (озерo Навережское), and the name is only extant from the Nikonov Chronicles (1539-1542), before which it was called Sudomir&#39;, meaning "peace trial" or "decision for peace".</p><br>
<p>The most ancient settlers in the area of the river were thought to be the Krivichi Slav tribe. In 1021 Bryachislav of Polotsk suffered a defeat during the battle on the Sudoma River. The river and the uplands are both mentioned by Leo Tolstoy.</p><br>
<p>During the Second World War the area was a scene of battles between the German forces and the 3rd Leningrad partisan brigade (3-я Ленинградская партизанская бригада) (commander Colonel A.P. German Герман) where they conducted the Rail war.</p><br>
<p>The Minneapolis Public Library, North Branch building is a former library in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It was designed in 1893 by architect Frederick Corser. When it was opened, it was claimed to be the nation&#39;s first branch library to have open shelves so patrons could browse for books on their own, without asking librarians to retrieve them.</p><br>
<p>The building has a slender tower, a stepped front gable, and an arched entrance shaped like a basket handle, roughly fitting into the Chateauesque style. It includes terra cotta ornamentation and sculptured stonework. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, and is the Twin Cities&#39; oldest surviving public library building.</p><br>
<p>It was replaced in 1971 by the North Regional Community Library at 1315 Lowry Avenue North, and officially closed in 1977. The Minneapolis Library Board voted to give the building and land to the Minneapolis Housing and Redevelopment Authority (HRA) via a quit claim deed on December 15, 1977.</p><br>
<p>As of October 2014, the library building is being renovated by EMERGE Community Development. This renovation has stayed consistent with requirements to keep both the interior and exterior of the building on the historic register. The building will reopen in December 2014 as the EMERGE Career and Technology Center. Starting in January 2015 it will house an open access computer lab for North Minneapolis residents, a computer-based classroom environment for teaching computer classes, a lab space for Hennepin Technical College manufacturing students, community and event space, EMERGEs administrative staff, EMERGEs youth program, EMERGEs training program and EMERGEs financial education classes. The EMERGE Career and Technology Center (ECTC) will bring training for in-demand careers to North Minneapolis.</p><br>
<p>The Little Sisters of the Poor Home for the Aged is a building in northeast Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, built by a charitable organization, the Little Sisters of the Poor. They came to Minneapolis in 1889 to build a home for the aged. Architect Frederick Corser designed the first part of the building in 1895, consisting of a -story building with an attached chapel. Corser&#39;s design was based more on its scale and proportion than on its ornamentation.</p><br>
<p>The home needed more space, so in 1905 Corser designed an east wing of the structure, following the original design principles. In 1914 still more space was added in a west wing, this time designed by Frederick Kees and Serenus Colburn, but following the same design. The Sisters and their patients later moved in 1977 to a new building in Saint Paul. The old building, on Broadway Street Northeast between Second and Third Avenues, was renovated into a 71-unit apartment complex. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Central Avenue Historic District is a small segment of the larger Grafton Hill neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Composed of just two blocks near the border between Grafton Hill and Dayton View, the historic district comprises a cohesive collection of houses dating primarily from the turn of the 20th century, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>Central Avenue is a prominent example of Daytons earliest suburbanizing trends, having been built for people who were leaving the original boundaries of the city in and around what is now downtown, along the Great Miami River. At this time, around the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, Dayton was undergoing rapid increases in population and commerce, due to unprecedented industrial growth. As a result, those who were leaving the older parts of the city and moving to Central Avenue were the nouveau riche, who were becoming rich for the first time as a result of wise investment in the citys booming industries.</p><br>
<p>The historic district comprises nineteen buildings: eighteen contributing and one non-contributing. Primarily built as single-family houses, the buildings in the district lie along both sides of Central Avenue both north and south of its intersection with Federal Street, but in no direction does the district extend more than one block from the Federal-Central intersection: parts of Central in these two blocks, as well as all territory to the north, east, and south, comprise Grafton Hill&#39;s historic district, and a small non-historic strip is located along Salem Avenue, separating Grafton Hill from the larger Dayton View Historic District farther west. Its identity is not always kept separate from Grafton Hill; some community events, such as walking tours, lump these two blocks of Central Avenue with the surrounding neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>Central Avenue was built at the height of the Victorian era in architecture, and many of the houses display Victorian styles such as Queen Anne, although later modes such as bungalows can also be found. The district&#39;s most prominent houses, located at 240 and 338 Central, are both Queen Annes. The built environment on Central Avenue has been well preserved to the point that the neighborhood was designated a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places one week before Christmas 1982. Since that time, the neighborhood has gained further recognition via community-organized walking tours and from Preservation Dayton, which recognized two homeowners for their restoration of the house at 330 Central Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Yarok Island  is an island in the Laptev Sea, a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean. The island is located off the mouths of the Yana river, only a few kilometres towards the east.</p><br>
<p>Administratively, Yarok Island is part of the Sakha Republic of Russia.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Yarok Island is large and flat. It has many small lakes, swamps and sandbars. Its length is 38 km and its maximum breadth is 26 km.</p><br>
<p>The Yana delta, the coastal area off which Yarok Island lies, is an extensive wetland zone. It is subject to severe Arctic weather with frequent gales and blizzards. Further north, the sea in the Yana Bay is frozen with thick ice for about eight months every year, so that Yarok is merged with the mainland.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1712, Yakov Permyakov and his companion Merkury Vagin, the first recorded Russian explorers of the area, crossed the Yana Bay from the mouth of the Yana River to Bolshoy Lyakhovsky Island over the ice and explored the then unknown island. Unfortunately Permyakov and Vagin were killed on the way back from their exploration by mutineering expedition members.</p><br>
<p>In 1892–1894, Baron Eduard Toll, accompanied by expedition leader Alexander Bunge, carried out geological surveys in the Yana delta area on behalf of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences located in St. Petersburg.</p><br>
<p>Makar Island  is an island in the Laptev Sea. It is located in the bay of the Yana river, about 30 km from the nearest coast to the south, and 21 km north of the Shelonsky Islands.</p><br>
<p>Makar Island is flat and marshy. It has some small lakes and a landspit pointing towards the east. Its length is 11 km and its maximum breadth 6 km. This island, like Muostakh Island further west in the Buor-Khaya Gulf, is subject to heavy erosion.</p><br>
<p>The Yana Bay is subject to severe Arctic weather with frequent gales and blizzards. The sea in the bay is frozen with thick ice for about eight months every year.</p><br>
<p>In 1985 bison bones from the Pleistocene were collected by Yu. A. Yarlykov on Makar Island.</p><br>
<p>Administratively Makar Island belongs to the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) of the Russian Federation. There is a Russian Polar Station at Makar Island.</p><br>
<p>The Shelonsky Islands  is an island group in the Laptev Sea. It is located in the coastal lowlands of the Yana Bay, east of the mouths of the Yana river.</p><br>
<p>Administratively the Shelonsky group belongs to the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) of the Russian Federation.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Shelonsky Islands are marshy and flat. The Yana delta, the coastal area off which these islands lie, is an extensive wetland zone. It is subject to severe Arctic weather with frequent gales and blizzards. Further north, the sea in the Yana Bay is frozen with thick ice for about eight months yearly, so that these coastal islands are merged with the mainland most of the year.</p><br>
<h3>Islands</h3><br>
<p>The largest is Vostochnyy Shelonsky, it is located on the northern shores of the Manyko Peninsula (Poluostrov Manyko). This island has a length of 17 km and a maximum width of 7.2 km. Vostochnyy has many small lakes and becomes narrower towards its eastern end. East of this island lies a deep inlet stretching southwards known in Russian as Sellyakhskaya Guba.</p><br>
<p>Zapadnyy Shelonsky Island is much smaller, being only 2.5 km across. It lies off Vostochnyy&#39;s western tip, separated from it by a 2 km wide sound.</p><br>
<p>Yuzhnyy Shelonsky lies detached from the main group, 20 km further to the west, off the NE shores of Yarok Island. It is 3 km long and 0.7 km wide.</p><br>
<p>There are a few other small unnamed islands in the group, all of them close to Vostochnyy.</p><br>
<p>The Old Indian Meeting House  is a historic meeting house at 410 Meetinghouse Road in Mashpee, Massachusetts. Built in 1684, the meetinghouse is the oldest Native American church in the eastern United States and the oldest church on Cape Cod. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Old Indian Meeting House stands on the east side of Meetinghouse Road, north of its junction with Falmouth Street. It is located at the western end of a cemetery which extends between the two roads, on 7 acre of land that extend to the junction. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. It has a Greek Revival exterior, with corner pilasters rising to entablatures that run along the roofline on the sides. There are two symmetrically placed entrances on the front facade, each framed by pilasters and a corniced entablature. A triangular transom window is set in the gable above, and there are fixed-pane windows above the entrances.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first church to be built in Mashpee was built in 1670. In 1684, a second meeting house was built on the site of the first by Deacon John Hinckley. That building was moved about 1717 to another site in Mashpee. In 1758, a meeting house is described as being at the present site; it is unclear whether this was an altered version of the 1684 building, moved to this site and enlarged, or whether it was a new construction. It was used by the Wampanoag Native Americans as a Christian church. In 1717 the church was moved from its original location in the town to its current one, and the building was remodeled. The building also served as a school. In the late eighteenth century, a cemetery ("burial ground") was founded on the church grounds.</p><br>
<p>With almost four centuries of Native American leadership and ministry, the Old Meeting House is a place of historic and spiritual significance to the Mashpee Wampanoag tribe. In 1833 it was the site of the famous Mashpee Revolt, when tribal members and their minister, William Apess (Pequot), protested state intrusions on their self-governance, and white settlers&#39; theft of wood from tribal lands. The site was re-dedicated in 1923 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Pilgrim Congregational Church is an historic Congregational Church at 45 Broadway in Taunton, Massachusetts. The Ronamesque stone church was designed by noted architect Richard Upjohn and built in 1852. The congregation was established by a doctrinal division of the First Parish Church. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 5, 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Pilgrim Congregational Church is located on the east side of Broadway, a short way north of Taunton Green. It is a fieldstone structure, with a broad gabled roof and a slightly projecting square tower that divides the front (west-facing) facade into three parts. The main entrance is at the base of the tower, recessed under a round-arched opening. Windows on the front facade and tower are narrow Gothic arched windows up to the tower&#39;s belfry, which has three tall round-arch louvered openings on each face. The tower is capped by a low-pitch pyramidal roof with heavy brackets. Windows in the side walls are large round-arch stained glass windows, except in the first bay, where a recessed panel houses three small windows similar to those on the front. To the rear of the main church is a small chapel, added in 1915.</p><br>
<p>The church was designed by the noted architect Richard Upjohn and built in 1852 for a congregation established in 1823, which originally met in a wood-frame structure located just north of this building&#39;s site. It is the second-oldest church building in central Taunton.</p><br>
<p>Mount Gambier  is a maar complex in South Australia associated with the Newer Volcanics Province. It contains four lake-filled maars called Blue Lake, Valley Lake, Leg of Mutton Lake, and Browns Lake.</p><br>
<p>It is one of Australia&#39;s youngest volcanoes, but estimates of the age have ranged from over 28,000 to less than 4,300.</p><br>
<p>The most recent estimate, based on radiocarbon dating of plant fibers in the main crater (Blue Lake) suggests an eruption a little before 6000 years ago.</p><br>
<p>Mount Gambier is thought to have formed by a mantle plume centre called the East Australia hotspot which may currently lie offshore.</p><br>
<p>The mountain was sighted by Lieutenant James Grant on 3 December 1800 from the survey brig HMS Lady Nelson and named for Lord James Gambier, Admiral of the Fleet.</p><br>
<p>This area is part of the UNESCO-endorsed Kanawinka Geopark.</p><br>
<p>Of the original four lakes found within the maars, only two remain. The Leg of Mutton Lake (named for the outline of its shoreline) became permanently dry in the 1990s. Browns Lake suffered a similar fate during the late 1980s. Both these lakes were quite shallow; their demise is attributed to the lowering of the water table as a result of many years of land drainage to secure farmland.</p><br>
<p>The city of Mount Gambier partially surrounds the maar complex.</p><br>
<p>The Kossuth Colony Historic District, named for Lajos Kossuth, is a nationally recognized historic district bounded by Baltimore Street, Mack Avenue and Notre Dame Avenue in Dayton, Ohio. The Kossuth Colony was built in 1906 to house Hungarian immigrant workers for the Barney and Smith Car Company, a rail car manufacturer that ranked among Daytons largest and most venerable firms. Comparatively few changes have been made to the forty houses in the colony, although the houses white picket fences have been removed. Many houses in the district are simple gable-front residences with minimal setbacks, and asbestos siding covers many exterior walls in the district.</p><br>
<p>On December 21, 1979, Kossuth Colony was added to the National Register of Historic Places; it qualified both as an important example of architecture and because of its connection to Jacob Doffee Moskowitz,</p><br>
<p>Lake Ovid is a reservoir located within Sleepy Hollow State Park, Michigan, which was created in 1974 when a dam was built to block the Little Maple River. Lake Ovid is a shallow lake with an average depth of 10 feet. The deepest areas of the lake do not exceed 30 feet.</p><br>
<p>Many freshwater fish live in the lake including Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, Bluegill, Rock Bass, Crappie, Channel Catfish, Muskellunge (Muskie), and Northern Pike. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources(DNR) has been monitoring the fish population annually and has determined that the smaller species of panfish have been reproducing prolifically and future stocking is going to focus on Muskellunge and Catfish. These predatory species have plenty to eat in the lake and an increase in their numbers will bring a balance to the ecosystem.</p><br>
<p>A boat landing is available at no charge to anyone with a Michigan State park sticker on their vehicle and is located on the west side of the lake. A "no wake" policy is enforced on the lake in order to maintain a peaceful fishing and boating environment. Many anglers choose to propel their vessels using electric trolling motors which allow for stealthy approaches to fishing locations and wildlife viewing. Canoes and pontoon boats are available for rent from the park for $25 per day.</p><br>
<p>The dam which holds back the Little Maple River is about 30 feet in height, over 1,000 feet in length and is constructed of earthen mass. The drainage area encompasses over 10 square miles.</p><br>
<p>The Montgomery County Courthouse , built in 1847, is an historic Greek Revival building located on the northwest corner of Third and Main streets in Dayton, Ohio. It is referred to locally as the Old Courthouse. The limestone building, modeled on the 5th century BC Temple of Hephaestus in Athens, Greece, is the nation’s best surviving example of a Greek Revival style courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The design was suggested by Dayton citizen Horace Pease, who had a book of sketches of the Acropolis in Athens which showed the Temple of Theseus, which he admired. Pease showed it to the Montgomery County Commissioners, who also were favorably impressed, and agreed it would be a good model for their new Courthouse. They hired architect Howard Daniels of New York to draw the plans in which he captured the form and beauty of the ancient Greek temple.</p><br>
<p>The building, now restored, stands as a tribute to the leaders of old Dayton and to the artisans of the Miami Valley who built it. The Dayton Historical Society, which became The Montgomery County Historical Society, then Dayton History, is housed in the Old Court House.</p><br>
<p>The Courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 26, 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Kalmit is the highest peak in the Palatinate Forest and the second highest  in the Palatinate region of Germany. It is and located 5.5 km south of the town of Neustadt an der Weinstraße.</p><br>
<p>The mountain attracts many tourists thanks to the numerous footpaths leading to its summit, its mountaintop restaurant, extensive views over the Palatinate wine region and striking rock formations on its forest-clad mountainsides.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<h3>Location</h3><br>
<p>The mountain lies within the municipal forest of the wine village of Maikammer and 6 km southwest of the independent town of Neustadt an der Weinstraße. Several lower peaks are grouped around the main summit, including the Zwergberg to the north, the Taubenkopf to the northeast, the Kanzel and the Wetterkreuzberg to the southeast, the Breitenberg to the south and the Hüttenberg to the southwest. On the Hüttenberg ridge there is a blockfield or felsenmeer, which also bears that name, with great boulders of bunter sandstone on the surface of the terrain.</p><br>
<p>The Kleine Kalmit ("Little Kalmit"), which is only high and is designated as a nature reserve lies just outside the Palatine Forest and is about 15 km to the south.</p><br>
<h3>Natural region grouping</h3><br>
<p>The Kalmit belongs to the natural region known as the Palatine Forest which, in the system published by Emil Meynen and Josef Schmithüsen in their Handbook of the Natural Region Divisions of Germany and its successor publications is classified as a major region of the 3rd order. Within the internal classification of the natural region, it belongs to the Central Palatine Forest and the mountain range of the Haardt, which forms the boundary of the Palatine Forest with the Upper Rhine Plain.</p><br>
<p>In summary the natural regional classification of the Kalmit is as follows:</p><br>
<p>Primary natural region: Scarpland either side of the Upper Rhine Graben</p><br>
<p>Secondary natural region: Palatine-Saarland Scarplands</p><br>
<p>Tertiary natural region: Palatine Forest</p><br>
<p>4th order region (major unit): Central Palatine Forest</p><br>
<p>5th order region: Haardt</p><br>
<h2>Summit</h2><br>
<h3>Infrastructure</h3><br>
<p>On the summit is the Kalmithaus, a hut managed by the Palatine Forest Club mainly at weekends and public holidays. There is also a weather station and a free-standing, steel-framed radio tower, the Kalmit Transmitter (Sender Kalmit).</p><br>
<h3>Viewing tower</h3><br>
<h4>Panorama</h4><br>
<p>After the 1868 viewing tower on the exposed summit had collapsed, in 1928/29 a new 21-metre-high observation tower was built by the Palatine Forest Club, which, from the outset was fitted with living accommodation, electric light and running water. From this tower there was a comprehensive panoramic view that not only took in the entire Palatine Forest and the Vosges to the south, but also, on clear days, the ranges of the Hunsrück, Taunus, Odenwald and Black Forest. According to contemporary sources, the Kalmit was thus "the most beautiful viewing mountain in the Palatinate". Since then, in and around the tower, various survey and radio-technical facilities have been added so that it was periodically and then generally placed out of bounds to the public.</p><br>
<h4>Transmitter station</h4><br>
<p>The Kalmit Transmitter is used to broadcast the RPR1 103.6 MHz and BigFM 106.7 MHz radio stations. Amateur radio hams also use the height and location of the Kalmit. A branch of the German Amateur Radio Club, Ortsverband Z22, erected a relay station on the summit with the call sign, DB0XK, which was authorized on 30 November 1971 by the present-day Federal Network Agency with a frequency of 145.700 MHz. The amateur radio relay is housed in the tower next to the Kalmithaus.</p><br>
<h4>Visibility measuring station</h4><br>
<p>Since 2012 there has been a special facility on the Kalmit for measuring visibility; its task is to record visibility in the Palatine Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve. which is managed by the House of Sustainability in Johanniskreuz, a department of the Rhineland-Palatinate State Forestry Commission. Another feature is that the values were introduced to alert nature lovers, because exceptional visibility is very rare and difficult to forecast.</p><br>
<h3>Views</h3><br>
<p>The summit has a good view of the Rhine Plain, over below, as well as the nearby villages of Maikammer and St. Martin. There are views of the cities of Ludwigshafen, Mannheim on the plain and also of Speyer and Philippsburg. In the far distance, the southwestern part of the Odenwald forest near Heidelberg and the first foothills of the northern Black Forest may be made out.</p><br>
<p>Schwetzingen Castle, 36 kilometres away, is exactly west-southwest of the Kalmit.</p><br>
<p>To the north-northwest, also 36 kilometres distant, is the highest summit in the Palatinate, the high Donnersberg in the North Palatine Uplands.</p><br>
<h2>Hüttenberg Felsenmeer</h2><br>
<p>On the Kalmit&#39;s subpeak, the Hüttenberg, is the Hüttenberg Felsenmeer. Here, large pieces of rock from the Middle Bunter, the so-called Karlstal beds, lie on the surface. These blocks were formed during the various ice ages, but frost action has broken down the once uniform layer of rock into a felsenmeer or blockfield.</p><br>
<h2>Sport</h2><br>
<h3>General</h3><br>
<p>The steeply climbing Kalmitstraße road is also used for sporting events like mountain running competitions and road bicycle racing. Since Mai 2008 a so-called Stoppomat, an automatic timer, has been available for the use of sports cyclists, runners and skaters; the starting apparatus is at the western exit of Maikammer village (about ), the finish apparatus at the Kalmit car park just below the summit, 5.75 kilometres away.</p><br>
<p>On 23 and 24 August 2009 the endurance athlete, Christoph Fuhrbach, ran 488 km on the Kalmitstraße within 24 hours, climbing a total of 17,615 metres in height. He ran the just under 6 kilometre-long stretch between Maikammer and the Kalmit car park 42 times there and back; on the 43rd ascent he reached the 400 metre sign at the 24‑hour point. Fuhrbach thus beat the hitherto best German performance by Rainer Klaus, who climbed 15,458 metres in height in 1996.</p><br>
<p>The Felsenmeer on the Hüttenberg is a well-known bouldering area.</p><br>
<h3>Regular sporting events</h3><br>
<p>The Kalmit Folding Bicycle Cup has been held here since 1991. Only folding bikes without gears are allowed. The competition takes place on the first Saturday in September.</p><br>
<p>The Kalmit Mountain Run (Kalmit-Berglauf), which has taken place since 1992, happens in November and is the seventh and final run of the year in the Palatinate for the Palatine Mountain Running Cup (Pfälzer Berglaufpokal). Over 600 runners regularly participate in this mountain run. The route is 8,100 metres long and climbs 505 accumulated metres in height; at 2,800 and 6,200 metres there are intermediate ratings.</p><br>
<p>Since 2006 the cycle route of the Mußbach Triathlon, a competition for the BASF Rhine-Neckar Triathlon Cup, has started at Neustadt, ascended the Kalmit and then descended again to Maikammer.</p><br>
<h3>Walking routes</h3><br>
<p>The Kalmit is a waypoint on several circular walks as well as the following long distance paths in the Palatine Forest:</p><br>
<p>a footpath signed with red dots runs from Neustadt Central Station over the Hohe Loog, or alternatively from St. Martin via the Wolselquelle and Felsenmeer, each taking about 1½ hours and climbing through a height of around.</p><br>
<p>the footpath waymarked with white and green bars runs from Maikammer to the Kalmit.</p><br>
<h2>Transport links</h2><br>
<p>Private cars may approach the area from the A 65 motorway (from Ludwigshafen am Rhein to Karlsruhe), leaving at the Edenkoben exit. After 3 kilometres on the B 38 federal highway to Maikammer, there are signs for the Kalmit. After another six kilometres the Kalmitstraße road runs roughly from east to west past the summit of the Kalmit to the north. On a plateau on the mountainside there is a large walker&#39;s car park which is only a few minutes walk from the summit itself.</p><br>
<p>From May to October, the local public transport services operate a "walkers&#39; bus" (Wanderbuslinie) from Neustadt (Weinstraße) Central Station to the Kalmit. The journey time is about 35 minutes; these buses are shown on the local rail service timetable. Special tickets, such as the Rhineland-Palatinate Ticket (Rheinland-Pfalz-Ticket) are accepted on these buses.</p><br>
<p>The Commercial Building is a historic skyscraper in central Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the early twentieth century, it played an important part in the development of the western portion of downtown Dayton, and it is one of the most prominent surviving examples of the work of one of the most significant architects in the citys history. Located at the edge of what was once one of the citys leading commercial complexes, it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Built of brick with elements of stone, the Commercial Building is a ten-story structure surrounded by smaller buildings. Its front (southern side) is divided into three bays, while the western side is divided into four. Among its more distinctive elements is its ornate main entrance, which forms a crucial component of the building&#39;s Neo-Renaissance styling. Two-over-two windows fill large areas of the upper stories. The building sits on the Ludlow and Fourth Streets, connected to the Dayton Arcade, which was among the leading commercial complexes of the early 20th-century city.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>At its completion in 1908, the Commercial Building was one of the most important parts of Daytons skyline, being one of just five high-rises in the city. It was built at the behest of Adam Schantz, Jr., who at the time was one of Daytons leading citizens; more than any other man, he was responsible for the appearance of the citys skyline, he impelled extensive construction along Ludlow, he headed one of the citys largest companies, and he was responsible for the development of the Schantz Park neighborhood in the suburb of Oakwood. Schantz chose a leading architect to design his new building: by the late twentieth century, Albert Pretzinger had gained the reputation of being the most important architect native to Dayton in the city&#39;s history.</p><br>
<h2>Late twentieth century</h2><br>
<p>In 1982, the Commercial Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. While its architecture was significant enough to qualify it for this designation, a crucial part of its significance derives from its close connection to Adam Schantz, Jr. It is one of nearly 150 National Register-listed locations in Montgomery County, along with sites such as the former Dayton Daily News Building, located on another corner of Fourth and Ludlow, and the Dayton Arcade next door. However, the historic designation has not ensured these buildings continued well-being: the Arcade has been empty for several decades, the Dayton Daily News Building was vacated in 2007, and the Commercial Building itself has received so little maintenance that the city has cordoned off the surrounding sidewalks to prevent pedestrians from being hit by glass falling from the buildings windows. Nevertheless, some hope for its restoration remains: a group from Wisconsin has been attempting to restore the Arcade Building with hopes of seeing it reopen and of participating in downtown revitalization.</p><br>
<p>The Hamilton-Brown Shoe Factory was the first large scale industrial operation in Columbia, Missouri. It was built in 1906-1907 by the Brown Shoe Company, the largest shoe manufacture in the world at the time. It was the first plant built outside of St. Louis and was operational from 1907-1939 The building today has been converted into offices.</p><br>
<p>The company was a large manufacturer of mens, womens and children&#39;s shoes. In 1888, the Hamilton-Brown Shoe Company built a factory at the northeast corner of 21st and Locust in a fading upper-class residential neighborhood in St. Louis. Already a force in St. Louis industry, the company doubled its sales between 1890 and 1900. By the early 20th century, Hamilton-Brown with six manufacturing facilities claimed world leadership in boots and shoes.</p><br>
<p>At one time, the company was the largest shoe manufacturer in the world. Their product line brand included the "American Gentleman" and "American Lady".</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>John Sowden House, also known as the "Jaws House" or the "Franklin House", is a residence built in 1926 in the Los Feliz section of Los Angeles, California by Lloyd Wright. The house is noted for its use of ornamented textile blocks and for its striking facade, resembling  either a Mayan temple or the gaping open mouth of a great white shark.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and design</h2><br>
<p>The original owner, John Sowden, was a painter and photographer who hired his friend, Lloyd Wright (eldest son of Frank Lloyd Wright), to build his home on Franklin Ave in Los Feliz. The house is built using concrete textile blocks and Mayan themes, with decorative block-work along some of the interior walls. Upon approaching the "cave-like" The courtyard originally contained a 32&#39; long pool and fountain, which was removed sometime before 1940 and two textile-bock water organs which were destroyed by an earthquake in the 1930s, probably the 1933 Long Beach earthquake.</p><br>
<p>The building style of Sowden House is similar to Los Angeles area residences designed earlier in the 1920s by Frank Lloyd Wright, which include the Ennis House just to the northeast in the hills above Los Feliz Boulevard, the Hollyhock House in East Hollywood, the Storer House and Samuel Freeman House in the Hollywood Hills, and Millard House in Pasadena.</p><br>
<p>Contemporary reception of these Mayan revival residences was generally not positive, as critics derided the use of concrete blocks, the cheapest available material, in the construction of upscale homes. Opinions have since changed, and the houses built by the Wright&#39;s with textile blocks are now some of the most famous residential landmarks in the area, added to the USA National Register of Historic Places, and praised for their striking and innovative style.</p><br>
<p>The Sowden house has been recognized as one of Lloyd Wrights most important works. When Lloyd Wright died in 1978, the Los Angeles Times wrote that Sowden house should be "hailed as the apogee of his residential work." The sharp ridges and lines of the facade have been said to resemble the gaping open mouth of a great white shark, resulting in the homes being known in Los Angeles as the "Jaws House." It has also been described as having a "cultic, brooding" appearance. The Los Angeles Times has additionally described it as a "quasi-Mayan-style mansion, an otherworldly apparition that looms over Franklin Avenue in Los Feliz," and "challenges the street."</p><br>
<p>This was the last residence built by the Wright&#39;s in this style, though the Mayan style roof line was also used by Lloyd Wright when he built the first "shell" for the Hollywood Bowl, constructed out of wood, which only lasted one year before being torn down.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Sowden wanted a house that would be a showplace where he could entertain his friends in the Hollywood film community, but only lived in the house for a few years, perhaps due to the negative criticism of its architectural style at the time. The house was sold in 1930 to Ruth Rand Barnett, and again in 1936, 1944 and 1945.</p><br>
<p>From 1945 through 1950, the house was owned by Dr. George Hodel, Hodel also claims that his father may have committed further murders in the house and buried victims in the basement or yard, before fleeing the country in 1950. Despite claims that cadaver dogs have indicated the presence of human remains on the property, no excavations have been made as of October 2015.</p><br>
<p>The house was used as a shooting location to depict the home of Ava Gardner in Martin Scorseses film The Aviator. It was also one of the sites used in season 6 of Americas Next Top Model, and was featured in a 2013 episode of Ghost Hunters. The Sowden House was also used as setting for the making of the music video for the song "I Dare You" by The XX. The house was also featured in Season 12 episode 1 "Black Dahlia House" of "Ghost Adventures"</p><br>
<h2>Renovation</h2><br>
<p>The house, with seven bedrooms, four baths, and 5,600 ft&sup2, was listed on the market at $1,575,000 in 2001. On viewing the renovations, Eric Lloyd Wright praised the new kitchen and landscaping, but criticized Balbes decision to install a pool and spa in the middle of the courtyard. All of the houses rooms open onto the long central courtyard, which was originally a lawn that was used for seating during performances at the home. Eric Wright felt it was a "mistake" to break up the courtyard space with a pool and spa. Dana Hutt, an architectural historian who has written on the works of Lloyd Wright, was also critical of Balbes alterations. She objected to the pool, to the refinement of the entry staircase, and to the addition of Asian elements that were "completely wrong" for Wrights Mesoamerican design.</p><br>
<p>The house has sold several times since the renovation, and on September 10th, 2016, it was listed for sale at $4,795,000.</p><br>
<p>The William H. Towles House is a historic house at 2050 McGregor Boulevard in Fort Myers, Florida. On May 29, 2008, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>William H. Towles</h2><br>
<p>One of the most colorful characters in Fort Myers history was William H. "Bill" Towles(Sep. 28, 1852 - Jun. 25, 1921). It was he who gave Fort Myers its present courthouse, standing guard with a shotgun to ward off opponents while workmen labored all night to tear down the old courthouse before a court order could be obtained to stop the move. Bill Towles was a cattle operator on a large scale who made a fortune shipping beef to Cuba.</p><br>
<p>Born in 1852 at Perry, Florida, he got into the cattle business while a young man, moved his cattle to Fort Myers ranges in 1884 and went into business with James E. Hendry Sr. Towles led the fight in establishing Lee County, Florida and for many years served as county commissioner, and it was as chairman of the board that he forced the building of the new courthouse. He also served for several years as a member of the town council.</p><br>
<p>Towles died in 1921 and was survived by three children, Mrs. Corrine T. Summerlin, Wallace and Mildred.</p><br>
<p>Malabar Branch is a branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library located in the Boyle Heights section of Los Angeles, California.</p><br>
<p>The Malabar Branch began in 1914 as a book depository in a Sunday school room at the Brooklyn Heights Methodist Church on the corner of Evergreen Avenue and Malabar Street. The original collection consisted of approximately 900 books that were checked out on the honor system.</p><br>
<p>In 1925, a bond issue was passed by Los Angeles voters providing funds for the construction of 14 new branch libraries, including the current Malabar Branch. Construction on the new Mediterranean Revival-Spanish Colonial Revival building started in 1926, and the new library was opened in May 1927. The building was designed by architect William Lee Woollett.</p><br>
<p>The Malabar Branch was damaged in the 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake and was closed. The branch was extensively renovated and reopened in 1992 with separate reading rooms for adults and children, a multipurpose room and a patron services room.</p><br>
<p>In 1987, the Malabar Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Malabar Branch, the application described the building as a one-story, brick structure designed in a revival style reminiscent of rural Latin America.</p><br>
<p>The Malabar Branch is a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument.</p><br>
<p>Franklin Library is a public library on Franklin Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The library was one of thirteen branch libraries established under the leadership of Gratia Countryman, the chief librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library from 1904 to 1936. The library housed the largest collection of Scandinavian books, newspapers, and magazines within the system, which reflected the population living in the area. The library was funded by the Carnegie Corporation and designed by Edward Lippincott Tilton, a New York City architect.</p><br>
<h2>South Side Branch, 1890-1914</h2><br>
<p>On April 23, 1890, the 2nd branch of the Minneapolis Public Library, the South Side branch opened. It was located in two rooms at a store at 17th Ave. and Franklin Ave. South Minneapolis was the core of the Scandinavian community and by 1904 all of the Scandinavian language materials were shelved at the South Side branch. The South Side branch was succeeded by the first Carnegie branch to open in Minneapolis, Franklin Library, in August 1914.</p><br>
<h2>Franklin Library, 1914-present</h2><br>
<p>Andrew Carnegie donated money for library buildings as long as the community furnished the land to build the library upon. The McKnight family donated the land valued at $13,000 and Carnegie donated the building (valued at $41,000). The land was donated by Harriet McKnight Crosby, Caroline McKnight Christian and Sumner T. McKnight. The two story brick building soon became one of the busiest branches in the 1920s. The Scandinavian books and magazines drew users from throughout the library. As it is central with the Somali community today, Franklin Library has always been an immigrant library.</p><br>
<p>The Phillips neighborhood near Franklin has historically been the home of immigrants, Native Americans and African-Americans. The library has an American Indian collection and in the 1960s it started outreach to its neighbors, connecting them with social workers and resources.</p><br>
<p>The library is also home to the Franklin Learning Center, which was established in 1988. Franklin Learning Center serves adults who are studying English, math, science, social studies, technology and life skills, and preparing for the GED and USA citizenship exams. Learners work one-to-one or in small groups with instructors and volunteer tutors.</p><br>
<p>The library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. In 2005, it was renovated to adapt to modern technology while maintaining its historic integrity.</p><br>
<p>Franklin and 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>Art in the Library</h2><br>
<p>Public art at the Franklin branch includes Robert DesJarlait’s Red Lake, a large mosaic above the east fireplace. Hanging in the American Indian section of the library, DesJarlait’s work honors the Anishinabe Ojibwe creation myth by incorporating the seven original clans within the Ojibwe nation, the Four Orders of Life, and the star, plant and animal worlds. DesJarlait, a member of the Anishinabe Ojibwe nation, uses pictographs to tell a story within his work, honoring the traditional ways of storytelling within the Native American community. Additionally, it honors the March 2005 death of ten people on the Red Lake Reservation in northwestern Minnesota.</p><br>
<p>A mosaic by Minneapolis native Marilyn Lindstrom sits above the west fireplace. Titled World Language, the piece celebrates the globe’s seven continents by including petroglyphs, pictographs and ancient symbols from each. Lindstrom collaborated with DesJarlait in the creation of his work, Red Lake.</p><br>
<h2>Demographic Changes</h2><br>
<p>Franklin librarian Cassie Warholm-Wohlenhaus’s published on November 13, 2014, provides a concise and thorough history of the Franklin library’s first 100 years. Today, the collection reflects the languages spoken in the homes of the community it serves, including Arabic, Ojibwe, Oromo, Somali, and Spanish.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations</h2><br>
<p>During the 2005 renovations to the 91-year-old building, the oldest of the three remaining Carnegie libraries in Minneapolis, the City of Minneapolis Library invested $4 million to update Franklin. Originally designed by architect Edward L. Tilton, who specialized in libraries, the structure had served the community but needed significant attention. Funding for the remodeling included monies from the City of Minneapolis Library Referendum and the City of Minneapolis’s Capital Improvement Program.</p><br>
<p>During construction, the library used a building next door to provide continuity of service on a reduced capacity to patrons. This interim site’s operating costs were funded by dedicated members of the community, Friends of Franklin, who worked alongside Friends of the Minneapolis Public Library, to raise over $250,000 to keep library services in the community during the remodeling. Renovation began in August 2003, and the library reopened in May 2005. Changes included restoration of an original skylight, an expanded area for children and a designated space for teens.</p><br>
<h2>Programs</h2><br>
<p>Reflecting the dynamic interests of the community, Franklin Library offers a broad variety of programming, including the Franklin Learning Center, established in 1988. The community’s ongoing learning needs are met with the help of dedicated volunteers and librarians. Some need to learn or polish their English language skills. Others study for general enrichment, including math fluency, reading competency and vocabulary growth. Still others are studying for the exam to become a USA citizen.</p><br>
<p>The Franklin Teen Center supports the community’s immigrant teens, helping them settle into life in Minneapolis through technology classes, academic support and instruction about life skills. Past programs have included tech workshops and a group tailored for Young Achievers. All teens can get help with homework at Franklin.</p><br>
<p>The Phillips Technology Center is a vibrant and specialized hub of learning in the neighborhood. Established in 1997, and located on the library’s lower level, it provides free training for computer users and free access to technology. The Center is an alliance made up of the Franklin Library, Minnesota Indian Women’s Resource Center, Project for Pride in Living – Learning Center, and Waite House. Franklin Library’s 4-H Mentoring Club, an Urban 4-H group, is an important organization and has included a performance celebrating Somali Independence Day among its programs.</p><br>
<p>Moneta Branch, also known as the Junipero Serra Branch, is a former branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library located south of Downtown Los Angeles.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Moneta Branch was established in 1908 as a book depository located in a store. In 1915, a formal branch library was opened in a rented store building at 249 West 45th Street, near Moneta Avenue, from which it derived its name. During World War I, the Moneta Branch served as a headquarters for Liberty bonds and the Red Cross.</p><br>
<p>The existing Mediterranean Revival style branch library building was opened in 1923. The name of the branch was changed in 1934 to the Junipero Serra Branch in honor of Junípero Serra, the founder of the California mission system.</p><br>
<h3>Designated historic place</h3><br>
<p>The Moneta Branch was designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in March 1984.</p><br>
<p>In 1987, the Moneta Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Moneta Branch, the application described the building as a one-story Mediterranean Revival building, constructed of brick with a stucco finish. It is designed with a symmetrical front facade, and its most visible feature is a square, central tower.</p><br>
<h3>Closed</h3><br>
<p>The Moneta/Serra Branch was closed in 1987 following the Whittier Narrows earthquake, and a temporary replacement branch in a mini-mall on Figueroa Street was burned in the 1992 riots. A permanent replacement library was opened in 1998 at the former site of a tortilla factory at Main Street and 46th Street. The new branch was three times larger than the old Serra Branch and includes multimedia computer workstations with access to the Internet. Choreographer Debbie Allen led a campaign to raise $900,000 to buy the books and materials for the Serra branch and the nearby John Muir branch, which was also burned during the riots.</p><br>
<p>The old 1923 library building on Olive Street has remained closed since the 1987 earthquake.</p><br>
<p>Washington Irving Branch is a branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library, located west of downtown Los Angeles at 4117 West Washington Boulevard, Los Angeles.</p><br>
<p>The original building housing the branch (located at 1802 South Arlington Avenue,=, Los Angeles) is listed on the National Register of Historic Places but has been vacant and fenced for several years.</p><br>
<h2>Original branch</h2><br>
<p>The original branch was located at 1802 South Arlington Avenue, Los Angeles, California. The Romanesque Revival-Mediterranean Revival building was built in 1926 and designed by Allison & Allison. The building has been vacant, boarded and fenced for many years.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1926, the Irving Branch had a long, airy room with exposed wood trusses and rafters. At the time of its closure, no major physical changes had been made to the building since its construction, and books remained housed on thick wood shelves.</p><br>
<p>The Washington Irving Branch was designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in April 1984.</p><br>
<p>In 1987, the Washington Irving Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Irving Branch, the application described the building as a one-story Mediterranean building, constructed of hollow tile and finished with brick and stucco. It has a rectangular plan with side-facing gables, a symmetrical front elevation, a tiled roof and a bay window on the east side.</p><br>
<p>When the Los Angeles Library Commission proposed closing the old Irving Branch and re-locating to a modern facility at a new location, the Los Angeles Times wrote: "It is comforting to know that residents of one Mid-City Los Angeles neighborhood are arguing vehemently with City Hall because of a library.... The city proposes a more complete and modern library that would be just 13 blocks away, currently the site of a carwash. This makes sense. So would upgrading the historic building that houses the present branch, perhaps as a community center - where that neighborhood feeling it now encourages would continue to be nurtured."</p><br>
<p>In June 1990, the Los Angeles Library Commission voted to close the old library and re-open the Washington Irving Branch in a different location. The majority of 62 speakers at a public forum on the closure spoke in favor of saving the old branch by renovating and expanding the existing structure. Commission President Martha D. Katsufrankis said at the time: "Im old and I appreciate old things, but we have to think about serving the whole community for the future." The library commission agreed in 1991 not to move the Irving branch from its historic Mid-City home of 65 years until a new tenant could be found to take over the building. Residents had feared that the library would be closed and the building left vacant. Library Commissioner Douglas Ring noted at the time: "Everyone knows if you vacate a building and dont have an alternative tenant it is the same as destroying it. That&#39;s not what anyone wants."</p><br>
<p>Despite the promises, a new tenant or use was not found. The new Washington Irving Branch opened in 2000, and the old branch on Arlington Avenue has been vacant, boarded up, and fenced for many years. As of 2008, it was marred with graffiti and the lot covered with weeds and litter.</p><br>
<p>Venice Branch is a former branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library located in the Venice section of Los Angeles, California. The old Venice Branch library was replaced in 1995 by a new branch now known as the Venice-Abott Kinney Memorial Branch. The Spanish Colonial Revival style building is now used as the Vera Davis McClendon Youth and Family Center.</p><br>
<p>The Venice Branch was designated as a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in June 1984. In 1987, the Venice Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Venice Branch, the application described the building as a building in the Spanish Colonial Revival style made of masonry construction. The front entry has oak double doors with diamond-shaped panes. Small wrought-iron lamps flank the entrance.</p><br>
<p>The Warwick Village Historic District is located in the center of the village of Warwick in the USA state of New York. It takes up an irregularly-shaped 130 acres  of residential and commercial neighborhoods centered on NY 94 and 17A).</p><br>
<p>Buildings within the district reflect Warwick&#39;s growth over almost two centuries, from its origins as a rural settlement in colonial times through its mid-19th century industrialization as a rail hub to its development as a weekend summer resort town in the early 20th century. It was designated as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The district begins at the intersection of Oakland and Galloway avenues, where the two state highways begin their concurrency. Here the neighborhoods are almost all residential, except along Oakland where older houses have become restaurants and bed and breakfasts. On the west side it remains along Oakland until Campbell Road, where it starts to take in the houses on the west of the street. The Galloway Avenue boundary continues to Clinton Avenue, including all properties on the street to South Street but then excluding most of Belmar Court before returning to South.</p><br>
<p>At the railroad tracks the district Oakland becomes Main Street and the district boundaries include only it. Here the street lined with stores and multistory buildings, culminating in the village hall and Albert T. Wisner Library. At this busy four-way junction, Main becomes Maple Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The eastern boundary expands again at the Church Street junction to take in all properties (mainly on half that street, then follows Forester Avenue to Colonial Avenue (Orange County Route 13) in the residential neighborhoods there. All property on the north side to the village&#39;s northeastern boundary is included in the district.</p><br>
<p>West of the intersection, at Pine Island Turnpike (Orange County 1B), the district takes in the properties associated with St. Anthony&#39;s Hospital, Cherry Street and Van Duzer Place. It meets the northern boundary again at Robin Brae.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Colonial-Main-Forester triangle is the oldest part of the district, built when the future village was mainly a stopover along the Kings Highway that connected Phillipsburg, New Jersey to Newburgh. The Shingle House, built in 1764 and the oldest house in the village, is located at 7 Forester Avenue. Bairds Tavern, a stone structure with a gambrel roof built in 1766, is located nearby at 103-105 Main Street. Other buildings in this area, particularly the Old Baptist Meeting House, built in 1810 by a Connecticut congregation that had migrated west, date to the early 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The area along Main Street to the immediate south reflects the explosive growth of the village in the latter half of the 19th century, after the Civil War. Early industrial development in the Town of Warwick had passed the village by, since it lacked effective water power. But the coming of the Lehigh & Hudson River Railroad in 1862 changed that. It connected to the Erie Railroads Main Line, which ran through the center of the county on its way to New York and other major cities, providing a market for the farmers around Warwick, particularly the nearby Black Dirt Region. Half of the districts buildings were built between 1860 and 1900.</p><br>
<p>The railroad continued to benefit the town in the early 20th century, when the descendants of the areas prosperous farming families built weekend cottages, large and small, for themselves to return to on weekends. Other city residents came to take advantage of the fresh air and country living, making the village an early resort destination mentioned in F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. The houses and bungalows from this period can be found along the northern and southern ends of the district and its side streets, such as the Warwick Inn on Oakland.</p><br>
<p>Some of these residences were designed by two local architects, Clinton Wheeler Wisner, and Ernest George Washington Dietrich. Wisners Warwickshire at 12 Linden Place is his most significant house within the village, and Dietrichs work dominates Oakland Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The onset of the Great Depression in 1930 curtailed further resort development, and by the end of that decade passenger rail service to the village ended (freight service via Norfolk Southern continues today, however). The rise of the automobile after World War II opened up newer areas to weekend travelers, and the village went into a decline, with little new architecture of note in its core. At the end of the century, it began to revive as an exurban home for commuters to New York City seeking a small town lifestyle.</p><br>
<h2>Significant contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>All but 21 of the 229 properties within the district are considered contributing resources to its overall historic value. The remainder are mostly buildings erected after 1930, such as the village post office, a Burger King, and a brick gas station at the Main-Maple-Colonial junction.</p><br>
<p>None of the properties in the district are currently listed separately on the National Register. Some notable ones include:</p><br>
<p>Shingle House: Saltbox house built by Daniel Burt in 1764; it is the oldest house in the village and a rare clapboard-and-shingle house in the region, recalling the New England origins of the Burt family. It is currently maintained and operated as a historic house museum by the Historical Society of the Town of Warwick, which has owned it since 1916. Much of the interior is original.</p><br>
<p>Baird&#39;s Tavern The stone tavern at the center of town was built in 1766. Reportedly George Washington once stopped in for a "drink of grog&quot It is currently used as a law office.</p><br>
<p>Old School Baptist Meeting House: The 18 congregants who came from Connecticut in 1765 intended to stay only temporarily before moving on to Northeastern Pennsylvania, but the Revolution soon made that impossible. So this church built in 1819 became their home. The Historical Society acquired and renovated it in the 1950s to save it from demolition; it was also used as a location for a scene in the 1997 film In & Out.</p><br>
<p>1810 House. Another of the society&#39;s properties, this white cottage across Main Street from Village Hall was at one point the local YMCA. It serves as the main museum for the society, with exhibits devoted to not only the village but famous residents such as Henry William Herbert, whose "Frank Forester" pen name lent its name to Forester Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Dulce Domum: Designed by Clinton Wheeler Wisner for his cousin in 1884, its steep gable and decorative woodwork suggest a late attempt to apply the Picturesque aesthetic. The Oakland Avenue home remains a private residence.</p><br>
<p>John J. Beattie House: This Ernest George Washington Dietrich design on Maple Avenue combines a shingled look with some unusual Romanesque features.</p><br>
<p>The Warwickshire: Wisner&#39;s most significant work in Warwick dates to the 1890s and is located at the corner of Oakland and Linden. It uses randomly coursed fieldstone and half-timber framing.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>The buildings of the district were very well preserved at the time the district was established. The village has recognized it in its zoning code with architectural restrictions that, for example, forbid intrusive features such as signs lit from the inside on stores within the district. This caused some local controversy in 1990 when the local Independent Order of Odd Fellows chapter wanted to renovate its lodge with vinyl siding, forbidden by the zoning. A bitter confrontation led to a compromise solution where the IOOF was allowed to use vinyl on the rear and sides of the building as long as they painted the front.</p><br>
<p>The historic district also became the center of another protracted local political dispute in 2000. After the Grand Union supermarket chain closed its downtown Warwick location, within the district, following its third and final bankruptcy, the CVS drugstore chain expressed interest in moving into the abandoned space. Some local residents were willing to let that happen since without it there would be no major retailer in the downtown area, while others feared it would detract from the district&#39;s historic character and lead locally owned shops along Main to close. After two years of debate that included a protest rally at the site, and a proposal to condemn the site, CVS opened its store in 2003.</p><br>
<p>Felipe de Neve Branch is a branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library located in Lafayette Park in Westlake, Los Angeles, California. It was built in 1929 based on a Mediterranean Revival-Classical Revival design by architect Austin Whittlesey. The branch was named after Felipe de Neve, the Spanish governor of California who oversaw the founding of Los Angeles. The branch was opened on Felipe de Neve Day in 1929, celebrating the 148th anniversary of the founding of Los Angeles.</p><br>
<p>The Felipe de Neve Branch was designated a Historic-Cultural Monument by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in January 1984. In 1987, the De Neve Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the De Neve Branch, the application described the building as a one-story Mediterranean style brick building with a red tile roof. The street elevation is elaborately decorated with symmetrically arranged groupings of windows and black and white tile decorations in the shape of diamonds and crosses. The seal of the city made of mosaic tile is above the front doors. A horsehoe-shaped cast stone border of a floral design surrounds the top of the seal and doors.</p><br>
<p>Hay Island is a small peninsula located off the Darien, Connecticut shore of Long Island Sound. Its north shore is located on Ziegler&#39;s Cove. A small road connects the island with Long Neck Point Road. There are two structures on Hay Island. One was the home of the late William Ziegler III, a founder of the Maritime Aquarium at Norwalk.</p><br>
<h2>Further reading</h2><br>
<p>*Robert C. Duncan, W. Wallace Fenn, and Paul W Fenn, "Hay Island, Noroton, Connecticut," The Cruising Guide to the New England Coast: Including the Hudson River, Long Island Sound, and the Coast of New Brunswick (W. W. Norton & Company, 2002), https://books.google.com/books?id=_izsOfP_5bwC&pg=PA113&dq=%22Hay+Island%22+Connecticut&ei=-Mq1Saj0K4jMlQTX3439Bg#PPA113,M1 113-114, for information on the water near Hay Island</p><br>
<p>Richard Henry Dana Branch, named after Richard Henry Dana, Jr and later known as the Cypress Park Branch, is a former branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library located in the Cypress Park, Los Angeles, California section of Los Angeles, California. The Georgian Revival style building was built in 1926 based on a design by architect Harry S. Bent.</p><br>
<p>In 1987, the Richard Henry Dana Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Dana Branch, the application described the building as a charming one-story New England Colonial Revival Style building. It is designed in an L-plan with a high-pitched gable roof. The portico features paired wood paneled doors with an arched canopy supported by paneled posts. It was initially creamy green with a deep green roof.</p><br>
<p>In 2001, ground was broken for the construction of a new branch library in Cypress Park. The new branch, with 35,000 books, several computer stations and a community meeting room, is three times larger than the schoolhouse-type library branch on Pepper Avenue that served Cypress Park since 1927. There were plans to use the old branch as a senior citizens center.</p><br>
<p>The old library finally reopened as a community center on December 14, 2015. It has been renamed as The Cypress Park Club House</p><br>
<p>Nigardsbreen is a glacier arm of the large Jostedalsbreen glacier. Nigardsbreen lies about 30 km north of the village of Gaupne in the Jostedalen valley, Luster, Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. It is located just west of the Jostedøla river.</p><br>
<p>The Breheimsenteret museum is located 11 km south in the village of Jostedal. In front of the Nigardsbreen is the lake Nigardsbrevatnet where there is a small boat to transport visitors to the glacier. There is also a bus to take visitors to the glacier.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>During the first half of the 18th century, the glacier expanded due to cold weather. Then during the winters of 1741-1744 were extremely cold. Apples and pears did not ripen during the summer and the bee populations perished. Between 1700 and 1748, the glacier moved forward about 4 km completely covering and crushing the "Nigard" farm (hence the name of the glacier). By 1748, the Nigardsbreen covered about 48 km&sup2;. From 1930 until 1939, the glacier retracted again.</p><br>
<h3>Safety</h3><br>
<p>In 2014 two tourists died as a result of being crushed by ice.</p><br>
<h2>Media gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Daniel Webster Memorial is a monument in Washington, D.C. honoring USA statesman Daniel Webster. It is located near Webster&#39;s former home at 1603 Massachusetts Avenue Northwest, beside Scott Circle at the intersection of Massachusetts Avenue and Rhode Island Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The statue of Webster was given to the United States government by Stilson Hutchins, founder of the Washington Post and a fellow native of New Hampshire. An Act of Congress on July 1, 1898 authorized its erection on public grounds and appropriated $4,000 for a pedestal. The memorial was dedicated on January 19, 1900. On October 12, 2007, the Daniel Webster Memorial was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Daniel Webster Memorial consists of a 12-foot (3.7 m) bronze statue of Webster on an 18-foot (5.5 m) granite pedestal in a sober classical style. The statue was sculpted by Gaetano Trentanove.</p><br>
<p>On the east and west sides of the pedestal are bronze bas-relief panels illustrating events in Webster&#39;s life: the Webster–Hayne debate; the dedication of the Bunker Hill Monument.</p><br>
<p>The inscription reads:</p><br>
<p>G. Trentanove F. Galli Fuseri, Firenze 1898 Italia</p><br>
<p>(Front of base:)</p><br>
<p>DANIEL WEBSTER</p><br>
<p>LIBERTY AND UNION</p><br>
<p>NOW AND FOREVER</p><br>
<p>ONE AND INSEPARABLE</p><br>
<p>(Proper left bottom:)</p><br>
<p>BORN AT</p><br>
<p>SALISBURY, N.H.</p><br>
<p>JAN 18, 1782</p><br>
<p>DIED AT</p><br>
<p>MARSHFIELD MASS</p><br>
<p>OCT. 24, 1852</p><br>
<p>(Bottom rear:)</p><br>
<p>GIVEN BY STILLSON HUTCHINS</p><br>
<p>A NATIVE OF N.H.</p><br>
<p>DEDICATED JAN. 18, 1900</p><br>
<p>(Rear top:)</p><br>
<p>OUR COUNTRY</p><br>
<p>OUR WHOLE COUNTRY</p><br>
<p>AND NOTHING BUT</p><br>
<p>OUR COUNTRY</p><br>
<p>(Proper right, bottom:)</p><br>
<p>EXPOUNDER</p><br>
<p>AND DEFENDER</p><br>
<p>OF THE CONSTITUTION</p><br>
<p>Sørfjorden is a 30 km long fjord in Hordaland county, Norway. The fjord flows around the west and south sides of the island of Osterøy, going through the municipalities of Osterøy, Bergen, and Vaksdal. The fjord begins at the village of Vaksdal where the Veafjorden flows into the Sørfjorden, it then heads west and then north before emptying into the Osterfjorden. The fjord flows past the following villages: Bruvik, Vaksdal, Hausvik, Garnes, Ytre Arna, Hylkje, Breistein, Valestrandfossen, Steinstø and Hamre.</p><br>
<p>Prior to the opening of Osterøy Bridge in 1997 there were two ferries crossing the fjord: Haus&ndash;Garnes and Valestrandfossen&ndash;Breistein, the first one was closed when the bridge opened and the second one is still in operation.</p><br>
<p>Kolesovsky Island  is an island in the East Siberian Sea. It is located close to the coast in Kolyma Bay , south of the Konechnaya Channel and 13 km east of the mouths of the Indigirka River.</p><br>
<p>Kolesovsky Island is 3 km long. This island is only 0.7 km across and it is located 4 km to the northwest of Kolesovskaya Otmel, very close to a coastal headland.</p><br>
<p>Kolyma Bay, where the Kolesovsky Island lies, is a desolate place in the long winters, when it remains frozen to depths of several metres for about 250 days each year. It becomes free of ice only in early June and the thaw lasts typically until October. The area surrounding Kolesovsky Island comes to life during the summer when there is commercial fishing in the surrounding waters.</p><br>
<p>Administratively Kolesovsky Island belongs to the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) of the Russian Federation.</p><br>
<p>This island is named after Kolesovo , the nearest town.</p><br>
<p>Helen Hunt Jackson Branch is a former branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Spanish Colonial Revival building was built in 1926 based on a design by architect C.E. Noerenberg. The branch was named for 19th Century American author Helen Hunt Jackson whose popular novel Ramona told the story of a romance between a mixed-race girl and an American Indian during the days of the California missions. The branch has ceased operating as a library and has been converted into a church building.</p><br>
<p>The branch began operations in rented rooms at 2701 Central Avenue. The branch was an outgrowth of the Central Avenue Branch, which was divided into two branches, the Helen Hunt Jackson Branch and the Bret Harte Branch. The new building for the Jackson Branch was built at 25th Street and Naomi Avenue opened in November 1925. At the time of the opening, the Los Angeles Times wrote: "Noerenberg, the architect... has succeeded in combining in this new library ample window lighting with sufficient wall and shelving space together with an attractive exterior. There is a main reading room 26 x 25, a children&#39;s room 22 x 23, a delightful clubroom for the neighborhood gatherings and kitchen and workroom for the staff."</p><br>
<p>In 1940, the Board of Library Commissioners announced that the Helen Hunt Jackson Branch would be converted from a branch library to a station, open only 21 hours per week.</p><br>
<p>In 1987, the Helen Hunt Jackson Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Jackson Branch, the application described the building as a one-story Spanish-Mediterranean Revival style building located in a residential area. It is designed with an L-plan and features an inset tower with a hip tile roof which rises above the flat roof of the building. The recessed entry is through a tower and entrance doors are multi-paned. By the time of the application in 1987, the building had already been converted to use as a church.</p><br>
<p>As of May 2008, the building was used as a church operated by the "Asamblea Apostolica de la Fe in Cristo Jesus", as shown in the photograph above.</p><br>
<p>Lincoln Heights Branch is the second oldest branch library in the Los Angeles Public Library system. Located in the Lincoln Heights section of Los Angeles, California, it was built in the Classical Revival and Italian Renaissance Revival styles in 1916 with a grant from Andrew Carnegie. One of three surviving Carnegie libraries in Los Angeles, it has been designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Early history and architecture</h2><br>
<p>The history of the Lincoln Heights Branch began in 1900 with the establishment of a delivery station at Daly Street and Pasadena Avenue. In 1907, the Daly Street station merged with the East Main Branch to form the East Los Angeles Branch. That branch operated out of rented space at 2603 North Broadway starting in 1913.</p><br>
<p>In 1911, the Los Angeles Public Library received a $210,000 donation from Andrew Carnegie to build six new branch libraries, including the Lincoln Heights Branch. Plans for the new branch in Lincoln Heights were approved in 1915, with a design by Lester H. Hibbard and H.B. Cody. Hibbard and Cody based the design on the Italian Renaissance Villa, Papa Giulia near Rome.</p><br>
<p>The new library opened in August 1916 and was initially known as the Northeast Branch Library. The building is in the form of a quarter circle, with an extension of fourteen feet at each end. It is a combination of Italian Renaissance and Colonial styles. The end extensions are Colonial in design, and the main structure is of Italian Renaissance design. One of the unusual features of the new branch was an outdoor reading garden, an arbor in which benches were placed "for those who wish to read in the open." The new facility also included an auditorium with a stage and seating for 340 persons, and old English oak woodwork and shelves.</p><br>
<p>By 1919, the area had been renamed Lincoln Heights, and the library was designated at the Lincoln Heights Branch. A bas relief of Abraham Lincoln executed by Mrs. William Wendt was presented to the library in 1922 as a gift of the Auxiliary, B. of L.E.</p><br>
<p>In 1975, a community vote in the predominantly Latino area renamed the facility the "Biblioteca del Pueblo de Lincoln Heights."</p><br>
<h2>Historic designations</h2><br>
<p>Carnegie paid for a total of six libraries in Los Angeles, and only three of the Carnegie libraries remain: Lincoln Heights, Cahuenga, and Vermont Square."</p><br>
<p>The Lincoln Heights Branch was designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument (#261) by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in 1983. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Lincoln Heights Branch, the application described the building as being designed in the Classical Revival style with strong Beaux Arts influence. "The building&#39;s most unusual feature is its floor plan which is in the shape of a segment of a circle.... The arched entry is centered in the middle and three series of concrete walkways with landings leading up to it. This tall one-story design features high clerestory windows which are inset between pilasters."</p><br>
<h2>Earthquake damage and renovation</h2><br>
<p>The library suffered structural damage in the 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake, and in March 1990, the branch was closed when it was determined to be out of compliance with earthquake safety requirements. A $3 million renovation project was completed with re-opening of the branch in June 1996. The building underwent seismic reinforcment work and was also renovated and expanded from 10,912 ft&sup2; to 12,912 ft&sup2;. Carpeting and air conditioning were added, and a skylight covered for more than 50 years was uncovered and renovated, lighting the reference area. Computer workstations were also installed, and ceramic works of art by local artist Ricardo Rodriguez Duffy were placed on and above the columns.</p><br>
<p>The Montgomery County Circuit Courthouses are part of the Montgomery County Judicial Center located in downtown Rockville, Maryland. The Red Brick Courthouse, located at 29 Courthouse Square, houses the refurbished Grand Courtroom; the newer Circuit Court building, located at 50 Maryland Avenue, houses the remainder of the county&#39;s justice system.</p><br>
<h2>Circuit Court for Montgomery County building</h2><br>
<p>The Montgomery County Judicial Center, a Brutalist building constructed in the 1980s, houses the Montgomery County Circuit Court, the Offices of the Sheriff, the Register of wills, the Orphans Court and the States Attorney for Montgomery County. The Judicial Center and District Court buildings, together with the Rockville City Hall are located in downtown Rockville, Maryland, at the corner of Maryland Avenue and Jefferson Street (Rte 28). The District Court is on the west side of Maryland Avenue, across the street from the Judicial Center.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>There have been four court houses in Rockville since it was established as the County seat in 1776. Court was originally held at the Hungerford Tavern until a frame court house was erected in the 1790s. By 1810, a new court house was needed. In 1835 the General Assembly authorized a new brick court house and then again in 1890, the later which was built in a Romanesque Revival style. In 1931 the grey Neoclassical style courthouse was constructed and connected to the 1890 court house to suit the county&#39;s growing population. The grey courthouse now serves as home to the District Court of Maryland for Montgomery County.</p><br>
<p>From 1927 to 1954, the lower level of the courthouse served as the headquarters of the Montgomery County Police Department.</p><br>
<h3>Historic District</h3><br>
<p>There are several buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places within the area; they all make up the Montgomery County Courthouse Historic District, which was designated in 1986. The district is focused on what remains of Rockville&#39;s old commercial, governmental, and residential center, most of which was demolished during urban renewal in the 1960s. The district includes two county courthouses, the 1891 red brick Romanesque Revival structure and the 1931 Neo-classical granite building with a 1960s addition, the 1939 Georgian-styled Post Office of limestone construction, and the 1930 Art Deco stone structure built for the Farmers Banking and Trust Company. It extends over an area of two city blocks. The 1891 courthouse was designed by prominent Baltimore architect Frank E. Davis.</p><br>
<p>Huajiachi is a lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</p><br>
<h2>Introduction</h2><br>
<p>The lake is located in the Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University. It is the second largest lake in Hangzhou after the West Lake. Along the lake there is a Chinese pavilion named Huxin Ting (湖心亭). The lake has a water surface of more than 90 mu (over 55,000 m) and an average depth of 2 meters.</p><br>
<p>Hua (華/华) is a common Chinese surname, and jia (家) means family in Chinese; so Huajia implies that this place probably belonged to the Hua Family in the ancient time. Chi (池) stands for lake. And the Zhejiang University campus is just named after this lake.</p><br>
<p>About six-hundred years ago, it was wasteland nearby, and a highly ranked official Mr. Hua during Ming Dynasty Hongwu Era (1368-1398) once passed-by and first settled down there, opened the wasteland.</p><br>
<p>Vermont Square Branch is the oldest branch library in the Los Angeles Public Library system. Located about a mile southwest of the University of Southern California campus, in the Vermont Square district, it was built in 1913 with a grant from Andrew Carnegie. One of three surviving Carnegie libraries in Los Angeles, it has been designated a Historic-Cultural Monument and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and historic designation</h2><br>
<p>The Vermont Square Branch was designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument (#264) by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in June 1983 as the oldest remaining library in the city system. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles. With respect to the Vermont Branch, the application described the building as "a one-story structure designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival and Mediterranean Revival style with Prairie style proportions." It rests on a raised foundation and is topped by a red tile roof supported by broad overhanging eaves. The symmetrical facade is divided into three sections with the center portion protruding slightly. The center portion is fronted with terra cotta blocks with geometric patterns reminiscent of Classical motifs. The entry is located on a landing midway up the stairs. The top half of the staircase is located inside the building. Both wings are horizontally divided with two different facing materials. Cream-colored glazed brick covers the exterior walls below the window sills. Long vertical windows are arranged high on the walls, grouped in bands of five on either side of the entry.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Opening in 1913</h3><br>
<p>The Vermont Square Branch opened in March 1913 as the first library building built by the City of Los Angeles. It is the oldest branch library in the city and was the first of six branch libraries built with a $210,000 grant from Andrew Carnegie. When the library opened, the 2,000 new books which were ready for circulation did not come close to filling the shelves that were planned to accommodate 16,000 volumes. A history of the branchs early years describes the opening this way:"On March 1, 1913, the Vermont Square Branch, the first of the Carnegie branch libraries built in Los Angeles, was opened to the public.... At six oclock the doors were opened and hundreds of enthusiastic men, women and children crowded in. It had been planned to have the program in the auditorium but since the crowd made this impossible, the speakers sought refuge within the charging desk where they spoke from an improvised platform.... The newness of the library, furniture and books were a real luxury to us who had been used to the gloomy, rented store buildings but there was one crumpled rose leaf which marred our serenity of spirit. There was no cork carpet on the floors and the noise of the steel tipped chairs on the cement was terrific."</p><br>
<p>The Los Angeles Times described the opening of the "artistic" new structure as follows: "The handsome building is of fireproof construction, the exterior being cased in cream-colored glazed brick and white tile. The roof is of the genuine Spanish type, constructed of hollow red tile, set off by a heavy frieze of open woodwork under the eaves, to match the coping around the top of the open-air reading room on the northeast corner, both being painted a soft green color in pleasant contrast to the exterior finish.... Surrounded by a park filled with flowers and shrubbery, the building is an ornament to the well-built neighborhood."</p><br>
<p>Carnegie paid for a total of six libraries in Los Angeles, and only three of the Carnegie libraries remain: Vermont Square, Cahuenga, and Lincoln Heights."</p><br>
<h3>Early years</h3><br>
<p>In 1917, the branch received a gift of a "motion picture projection machine" which was used for the first time to show the picture "The Prince and the Pauper" to a full auditorium.</p><br>
<p>During World War I, the local exemption board conducted its operations at the library, making their headquarters in the story room for 20 months. Thousands of physical examinations were given in the library, and there were stenographers pounding out their reports in the reading room. The building was one of the most widely visited in the southwest section of the city in its early years. During the year 1917-1918, there were 368 meetings in the branch&#39;s auditorium. One report stated that "Monday mornings was the only time in the week free for tuning the piano."</p><br>
<p>By 1920, the shelving and seating capacity were taxed by high demand for the library&#39;s facilities. In 1928, a gas furnace was installed, eliminated the need for a coal room, and the basement was rearranged to make available more usable space.</p><br>
<p>During World War II, the branch was designated an air raid shelter and Red Cross casualty center; it was also used by the draft board as a registration center. From 1949 to 1978, the branch was the headquarters for the library&#39;s Central Region.</p><br>
<h3>70th anniversary celebration</h3><br>
<p>The branch celebrated its 70th anniversary in 1983, bestowing an award on Los Angeles Times columnist Jack Smith, who had been a patron of the library as a boy in the 1920s. In a column paying tribute to the museum where he spent his youth, Smith wrote that he developed his "literary style and attitudes toward life at those low round tables in the children&#39;s room." Smith also noted that, in a neighborhood that had deteriorated in the years since he grew up there, "the little square has become all the more an oasis."</p><br>
<p>The grandsons of the developer who subdivided the area and donated the land for Vermont Square Park wrote a letter to the Los Angeles Times noting the role of the library in their own childhoods: "The books I borrowed enabled me to follow the adventures of Tarzan, fight the battles of the Civil War, attend West Point as a plebe, explore the dark forests of the Belgian Congo in pursuit of that huge, ferocious, man-eating monster, the gorilla, as I then thought it to be."</p><br>
<h3>Closure and renovation in the 1990s</h3><br>
<p>The branch was closed in May 1990 when it was discovered the buildings unreinforced masonry did not meet seismic safety codes. The building was extensively renovated and reopened in May 1996. As part of the renovation, artwork by Nobuho Nagasawa was installed. Nagasawas artwork consists of functional library furniture, including 11 preschool stools in the shape of letters that spell out the word "IMAGINATION," and a glass table sandblasted with the names of books that have been banned in some of America&#39;s public schools.</p><br>
<p>Cahuenga Branch is the third oldest branch library in the Los Angeles Public Library system. Located at 4591 Santa Monica Boulevard in the East Hollywood section of Los Angeles, it was built in 1916 with a grant from Andrew Carnegie. One of three surviving Carnegie libraries in Los Angeles, it has been designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument and listed in the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Construction and opening</h2><br>
<p>The Caheunga Branch was the last of six branch libraries built with a $210,000 grant from steel baron Andrew Carnegie.</p><br>
<p>Constructed of brick and concrete at a cost of $34,000, the library was built in a clover leaf or butterfly pattern "whereby the entire floor may be supervised from a centrally located delivery desk." The first floor included a childrens department, overflow reading room, fiction section, reference room and adult reading room. The basement contained an auditorium with a seating capacity of 300 persons. The branch also included an "open air reading room" at the northwest corner on the Madison Avenue side. The buildings exterior also presents an impressive facade. The building is designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival style with a high basement, a low-pitched overhanging hip roof of clay tiles, and a tawny-colored tapestry brick facing. "The front elevation is symmetrical, and is dominated by a large, formal entranceway featuring a double stairway with matching volutes leading up from the sidewalk to the portal where it forms a veranda with classical balustrade."</p><br>
<p>The city&#39;s Handbook of the Branch Libraries described the Cahuenga Branch as follows: "It is a substantial and dignified Italian faced building faced with brick laid in pattern and panels, with a grand exterior central stairway leading upward to the main entrance and down to the basement club room and auditorium."</p><br>
<p>At the opening ceremony on December 4, 1916, City Librarian Everett Perry gave a speech welcoming the East Hollywood community to the new library. Perry encouraged the community to make full use of the books and other resources, including the auditorium and children&#39;s story hour. In describing the scope of the books available at the branch, Perry made comments that might have been viewed a century later as sexist or puritanical:</p><br>
<p>Carnegie paid for a total of six libraries in Los Angeles, and only three of the Carnegie libraries remain: Cahuenga, Vermont Square and Lincoln Heights.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Surrounding community</h3><br>
<p>The branch was situated in a part of the city with many educational, cultural and medical institutions. The original campus of UCLA was located near the Cahuenga Branch, and even after UCLA moved in the late 1920s, its old campus was occupied by what became Los Angeles City College. Also within a one-mile (1.6 km) radius of the branch are the, Barnsdall Art Park (site of Frank Lloyd Wrights Hollyhock House), KCET public television station, Childrens Hospital, and Queen of Angels-Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital. The proximity of these centers led to great demand for the library resources at the Cahuenga Branch.</p><br>
<h3>World War I</h3><br>
<p>During World War I, the Cahuenga Branch (like other city libraries) turned over a portion of its space to war-related activities. One area resident recalled, "I remember when they were rolling bandages in the Library Auditorium during World War I, and they used to have community sings every week." Over 100 people attended the community sings until the 1918 flu epidemic put an end to such gaterhings.</p><br>
<h3>Ethnic diversification</h3><br>
<p>By the 1960s and 1970s, old residents of East Hollywood were moving to the suburbs, and increasing numbers of Asians, Latinos, Russians and Armenians moved into the area. In order to serve its non-English speaking community, the Cahuenga Branch received funds from the federal government in the early 1970s to hire a multi-lingual staff, offer classes in English and citizenship, and to host live entertainment and festivals for the community.</p><br>
<h3>Closure and renovation</h3><br>
<p>In 1990, the Cahuenga Branch closed when it was discovered that it did not meet earthquake safety codes. The branch was moved to temporary space at 4627 Santa Monica Boulevard for the next six years while the old building underwent seismic and renovation work. In 1996, the renovation work was completed, and the Cahuenga Branch reopened. Columnist Patt Morrison wrote at the time: "Before it closed for its make-over in 1990, the Cahuenga branch was a dark and grotty hole, a spirit-shriveler of a place that was intended to uplift – the scariest place I ever worked, one of its alumni librarians declared – and indeed, the only people who found it perfect were the film crews that made horror movies in its vanished gloom."</p><br>
<p>In addition to the physical plant, the renovation work included installation of computer work stations and other technological upgrades as part of the "Libraries Online!" project funded by Bill Gates and Microsoft Corporation. The confluence of funding at opposite ends of the century by two of the world&#39;s wealthiest men, one a steel baron, the other a silicon baron, led Patt Morrison to write: "What a collision of history that these two men, Carnegie and Gates, financial visionaries born more than a century apart, would intersect at the corner of Santa Monica Boulevard and Madison Avenue."</p><br>
<h3>Centennial</h3><br>
<p>The library celebrated its 100th anniversary with a public celebration on December 3, 2016. In the week prior to the event, the LAPL performed the first major improvements to the library since 1996 with repainting, cleaning, repairs, landscaping and the installation of new bicycle racks. At the public celebration, the program included family entertainment, a historic lecture on the Carnegie libraries, an information fair featuring the Los Angeles Public Library and various community organizations, a music performance by students from nearby Lockwood Avenue Elementary School, and a formal program featuring speeches by L.A. City Councilmember Mitch O&#39;Farrell and City Librarian John Szabo. Attendees sang "Happy Birthday to You" to the library and were served a large birthday cake.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>The Cahuenga Branch was designated as a Historic-Cultural Monument (#314) by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in 1986. The application noted that the branch libraries had been constructed in a variety of period revival styles to house the initial branch library system of the City of Los Angeles.</p><br>
<p>In December 2016, for the librarys centennial, a plaque recognizing the buildings Historic-Cultural Monument designation was installed inside the library, as well as a sign placed in front of the library on Santa Monica Boulevard, commemorating its 100th anniversary and Historic-Cultural Monument status.</p><br>
